代词
一 定义：代替名词以及起名次作用的短语、分句和句子的词。
二 代词的分类：人称代词，物主代词，和反身代词，疑问代词，指示代词，和不定代词。
第一节 人称代词
（一）人称代词用法：
1、 I love you.2、 I am a teacher.3、Give me that book,4、Give that book to me. 口诀：我一，你二，他第三，“主格”用在“谓语”前，“宾格”跟在动、介后。 （二）不同“人称”来排列
1. You, he and I have a good time. (第二人称，第三人称，第一人称)
2 We, you and they like learning English. (第一人称，第二人称，第三人称) 3 A policeman and a policewoman are over there.4 I and you are wrong. 口诀：单数2, 3, 1. 复数1, 2, 3，男女出现男优先, 承认错误“我”在前。 （必会表格） 人称 格 主格 宾格 第二节 物主代词
1. This is my shirt. (L11) = This is mine. Our room is on the first floor, and theirs is on the second. This is my umbrella. (L3) Is this your handbag? (L1) 物主代词分“形容词性”物主代词和“名词性”物主代词。 通过以上例子大家会发现，“形容词性物主代词”后面有名词，而“名词性物主代词”后面无名词，即口诀：有“名”用形容，无“名”必用名。 （必会表格） 人称 词性 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 my mine 复数 our ours 第二人称 单 your yours 复 his his 第三人称 单数 her hers its its 复数 their theirs
第一人称 单数 I me 复数 we us 第二人称 单数 you you 复数 you you he him 第三人称 单数 she her it it 复数 they them
记忆口诀;形物代变名物代，一mine，二不变，其他S加后面。
第三节 反身代词 oneself 1. I always enjoy myself. He cut himself when he was shaving this morning. She was talking to herself.
大家会发现，当主语与宾语是同一个人称代词时，则宾语用“反身”。
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必会表格：
第一人称人 称 数 单数 复数 myself ourselves 第二人称 himself herself itself themselves yourself yourselves 第三人称
反身代词构成口诀：
说自己用反身，基本形式oneself，第三人称宾格替，其余开头用形容，复数ves替f。 Eg：I look at myself in the mirror. The problem itself is wrong.
常用反身代词的动词短语。(必背)1. help yourself (单)/yourselves (复) to…请自便 2. enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
3. teach oneself = learn… by oneself 自学4. talk to oneself 自言自语5. make yourself at home. 别客气
第四节 疑问代词
疑问代词在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句，主要用于询问“何人”“何物”“什么”。
疑问代词 who whom whose which what
例如：
I went to Lily’s house with my mother on the first Sunday in May. ① ② ③ ④
1. Who went to Lily’s house with my mother on the first Sunday in May？ 2. Whose house did you go to with your mother on the first Sunday in May？ 3. Whom did you go with to Lily’s house on the first Sunday in May？ 4. What did you do with your mother on the first Sunday in May？
5. Which Sunday of May did you go to Lily’s house with your mother in May？
指示代词
一、分类：this, that, these, those共4个。
近指：this单，these复；远指：that单，those复 二、电话用语中，this代表“自己”，that代表“对方”。
Hello! This is Mary. (我是Mary) Is that Jack speaking? (你是Jack吗?)
三、在比较级中，指代“单数名词”/“不可数名词”用that, 指代“复数名词”用those。
The population of China is larger than that of France.
The cars made in China are cheaper than those made in Japan.
第六节 不定代词
1. some, any，no 肯 否
I’m going to buy some clothes. → I’m not going to buy any clothes.
谁（主格） 谁（宾格） 谁的 哪一个 什么 人、事、物 事、物 人 代替范围 March资源站 公众号：虫鱼窝里的小幸运
There’s some ice in the fridge. → There isn’t any orange juice. We did some exercises. → We didn’t do any exercises. Is there any ice in the fridge?
I haven’t got any money=I have got no money（no +名词=not +any/a +名词） Would you like some coffee? Can you lend me some money？
★some用于肯定句，否定疑问用any，not any 等于no，问句中表建议或想得到对方肯定回答时用some 2 复合不定代词
Every any no some everyone anyone none someone everybody anybody nobody somebody everything anything nothing something everywhere anywhere nowhere somewhere 总结：不定代词中必会的口诀：
1. 不定代词做“主语”，谓语要用“单三”形式。
Everything is possible.
2. 形容词、动词不定式修饰不定代词要后置。
I have something important to tell you. Would you like something to eat?
3. 由some/any构成的复合不定代词something/somebody, anything/anybody等用法和some/any一致。
3 many , much 用法口诀：可数名词复数用many, 不可数名词用much There are many apple on the desk. There is much water in the bottle. 4 a little ,little ,a few,few 可数名词 不可数名词 表肯定 表否定 a few(一些) few(几乎不/没有) a little(一点) little（几乎不/没有）
eg：There is a little milk in the bottle. There is little milk in the bottle. There are a few mistakes. There are few mistakes. 5. both, all All of them go to the cinema. Both of my parents are healthy.=Both my father and my mother are heathy. 共性：谓语v. 都用复数。 区别：all 指三者/三者以上人或物，both指“两者都…”。 6. either, neither,none
Either you or I am right.或者你或者我是对的 Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不对 None of us are/is right. 我们都不对
共性：either和neither都遵循就近原则， 区别：neither (指两者中没有一个，全否定) either (两者中的任意一个，半否)
none做主语时谓语动词用单复数均可
neither 的反义词是both； none 的反义词是 all
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7. each, every Each of us is here. Every one is here. 共性：谓语v. 都用单数。
区别：each指两者/两者以上，可与of连用; Every指三者/三者以上，不可与of连用。 8. one 与it 区别
Your dress is beautiful. Where did you buy it? (同名同物) I want to buy a new one. (同名异物) 9. it的用法
(1) What time is it? 时间 It’s time to go home. (2) What day is it? 日期 It’s Thursday.
(3) How far is it from London to China? 距离 We can walk home. It isn’t far.
(4) It’s raining.
天气 It’s a nice day today. (5) 指代不明人或物(敲门, 图片，照片中)
I find it dangerous to swim in this river.
★It’s easy/difficult/impossible/dangerous/safe/expensive/interesting/nice/
wonderful/terrible to…… It’s + adj to do sth 形式主语 真主 主 + v. + it + adj + to do sth. 形宾 真宾
—Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me. (6) It的2个句型
It’s nice to see you again.
It’s impossible to understand her.
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