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新视野大学英语视听说教程第四册 听力练习录音文本和答案
Unit1
II. Basic Listening Practice
1. Script
M: I‟m beside myself with joy. I‟m so lucky. Guess what? I‟ve won a lit of money in the lottery.
W: Yeah? Well, you do know that money is the root of all evil, right? Q: What does the woman mean?
2. Script
W: Mary was furious. Her son wrecked up her car.
M: He shouldn‟t have driven a car without a driver‟s license. He„s still taking driving lesson.
Q: What do we know about Mary‟s son?
3. Script
M: Susan, I hear you‟re going to marry that guy. Some people think you‟ll regret it.
W: Is that so? Only time tell. Q: What does the woman imply?
4. Script
M: Mary, I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mother‟s passing. I know how close you two were?
W: Thank you. It was so sudden. I‟M still in a state of shock I don‟t know what to do.
Q: Which of following is true?
5. Script
W: I get furious at work when my opinions aren‟t considered just because I‟m a woman.
M: You should air your view more emphatically and demand that your vice be heard.
Q: What is the woman complaining about?
Keys: 1.C 2.B 3. D 4.A 5.D
III. Listening In
Task 1: Soft answers turn away wrath.
Mary: Dam! You‟re spilled red wine on me. My new dress is ruined.
John: I‟ m terrible sorry! What can I do to help? Here‟s some water to wash it off.
Mary: Stop splashing water on me! Oh, this is so embarrassing! I‟m a mess. John: Well, you do look a little upset. Please don‟t blow up. Don‟t lose your cool.
Mary: Hmm, you‟ve got the nerve talking like that! Who shouldn‟t fly off
the handle? This dress cost a fortune.
John: You look really cute when you‟re mad. I kid you not. Some people
do look attractive when they are in a rage.
Mary: This is very expensive dress. I saved for months to buy it, and now
it‟s ruined. Look at this stain!
John: Accidents do happen. Give me your dress, and I‟ll take it to the cleaners.
Mary: Sure! You want me to take it off right here in public and give it
to you? I don‟t even know you!
John: This might be a really goof time to get acquainted. I‟m John Owen. Mary: Mmm, at least you‟re polite. I guess I really shouldn‟t have flared
up. After all, it was an accident. I‟m Mary Harvey.
John: Come on. I‟ll take you home. You can change your clothes, and I‟ll
get the dress cleaned for you.
Mary: Now you‟re talking. Thanks. You‟re a real gentleman.
John: You‟d better believe it. I‟m glad to see that you‟ve cooled down.
Feel look a bite to eat afterward? I‟m starving.
Mary: Ok. You‟re pretty good. I‟m not nearly as mad. If you can get this
stain out, I‟ll be very happy.
John: I‟ll try my best. But if I can‟t get the stain out, please don‟t let
your happiness turn to wrath.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for the dialog? 2. Why does the woman get angry?
3. What does the man say to please the woman when she looks angry?
4. Why does the woman say the man is a real gentleman? 5. What is the man‟s final proposal?
Keys: 1D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C
Task 2: Big John is coming! Script
A bar owner in the Old West has just hired a timid bartender. This (S1) owner of the establishment is giving his new hire some instructions on (S2) running the place. He tells the timid man, “If you ever hear that Big John is coming to town, (S3) drop everything and run for the hills! He‟s the biggest, nastiest (S4) outlaw who‟s ever lived!”
A few weeks pass (S5) uneventfully. But one afternoon, a local cowhand comes running through town (S6) yelling, “Big John is coming! Run for your (S7) lives!”
When the bartender leaves the bar to start running, he is knocked to the ground by several townspeople rushing out of town. (S8) As he‟s picking himself up, he sees a large man, almost seven feet tall. He‟s muscular, and is growing as he approaches the bar.
He steps up to the door, orders the poor barkeep inside, and demands, “I want a beer NOW!”
He strikes his heavy fist on the bar, splitting it in half. (S9) The bartender nervously hands the big man a beer, hands shaking. He takes the beer, bites the top of the bottle off, and downs the beer in one gulp. As the terrified bartender hides behind the bar, the big man gets up to leave, “Do you want another beer?” the bartender asks in a trembling voice. “Dang it, I don‟t have time!” the big man yells, (S10) “I got to get out of town! Don‟t you hear Big John is coming?”
Task3: A View of Happiness
Script
Dr. Smith has proposed a reasonable, if perhaps somewhat oversimplifies, view of happiness. According to his theory, happiness might be described as a state if balance. And when human or certain animals achieve that balance, they rend to remain in that condition in order to repeat the happy feeling. To illustrate this, we may study two magnets. When their positive and negative poles meet, they are comfortably joined, and they remain there. In other words, they have attained a balance or state of happiness. If on the other hand, one of the poles is reversed, and positive pole is presses against
positive pole, there is resistance, instability, imbalance a state of unhappiness.
Animals with some degree of intelligence seem to find happiness in reinforcement. Once they have gained one or more of their goals such as food, and water, they learn to repeat the actions that led to satisfaction of those goals. This repetition or reinforcement produces a state of balance or sense of happiness.
According to this theory, only animals with a significant capacity to learn should be able to experience happiness. But in truth learning can take place through surprisingly simple short-term action such as scratching an itch, followed by pleasure, followed by more scratching, and so on. Thus learning can occur with almost no conscious thought.
For human beings, blessed with the ability to reason, goals are not limited to the short-term satisfaction of needs. Indeed, there is a strong link between happiness and the fulfillment of long-term goals. Even if human strive for goals that are more complex and longer-term than the animals‟ goals, once those goals are gained, happiness is reinforced.
1. Why does the speaker mention “magnets”?
2. According to the passage, what may animals do after they have got food? 3. Which of the following is true according to the speaker?
4. What does the speaker say is special about the goals of human beings? 5. Which of the following best captures the main idea of the passage?
Keys: 1D 2.C3. B 4.D 5.A
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Reason and Emotion Script
Emotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason; s is suggested by phrase such as” appeal to emotions rather than reason” and “don‟t let your emotions take over”. Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or
thoughts which people may later regret or disagree with; but during an emotional state, they could not control their actions. Thus, it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.
However, recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a clear distinction between reason and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of as an instinctive response to observed fact. The human mind possesses many possible reactions to the external world. Those reactions can lie on a continuum, with some of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is often called “cold”, and others involving the extremes of pure emotion not related to logical agreement, which is called “the heat of passion”. The relation logic and emotion merits careful study. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce an argument, event one based primarily on reason. This is especially true in religion or ideology, which frequently demands an all-or-nothing rejection or acceptance. In such areas of thought, human beings have to adopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument and partly by feeling and passion. Moreover, several researchers have suggested that typically there is no “pure” decision or thought; that is, no thought is based “purely”” on intellectual logic or “purely” on emotion—most decisions are founded on a mixture of both.
1. What results does the speaker may some from emotional reactions? 2. What is the popular belief about reason and emotion? 3. What does the speaker mean by “cold “?
4. According to the passage, what should people do in religious matters? 5. What is the speaker‟s conclusion?
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D
Task 2: Depression
Script
Pat: You look depressed. Are you feeling blue? I‟ve come to cheer you up. Ted: But there‟s nothing that can cheer me up. I‟m down in the dumps. Life‟s
miserable
Pat: You have to try to get your mind off things.
Ted: But I can‟t. I just feel there‟s too much pressure on me sometimes! Pat: You can‟t let things get you down. Learn to relax and stop worrying
all the time. What‟s your problem?
Ted: I failed my last exam, and another exam is coming, I get bored. Pat: If I were you, I‟d start working hard. If you work hard for a long
time, you‟re bound to get better grades. You see, “no pain, no gain”. Ted: It‟s easier said than done! If I read for fifteen minutes, I get bored. Pat: You have to learn some self-discipline.
But how can I stay cheerful all the time?
Ted: Worse than that! If I read for half an hour, I get a headache. Then
I start to worry about passing the next exam.
Pat: It‟s all in your mind. If you stay cheerful like me, everything will soon be OK.
Ted: But how can I stay cheerful all the time? Pat: Try to look on the bright side of things. Ted: But what if there isn‟t a bright side?
Pat: You know the saying: Every cloud has a silver lining. It means there‟re
always tow sides to everything—both the dark and the bright sides. So, try to identify your strengths and bring then into full play. Ted: Oh, no! Your corny old sayings are making me even more depressed.
Keys: TFFTF
Uint2
II. Basic Listening Practice
3. Script
W: Did you hear? Helen got modeling jib! She‟s going to be sashaying down the catwalk.
M: Wow, that‟s great! All that walking practice really paid off. And foe once she won‟t be complaining about being so tall. Q: Why did Helen get modeling job?
4. Script
M: Julia, come and see the Miss America contest on TV. All those beautiful girls are walking around in bathing suits, so the judges can decide who has the best figure.
W: Bah! That‟s the worst kind of exploitation. They are treating women like toys for people to enjoy. I would never take part in this kind of contest.
Q: What do the man and the woman think about the beautify contest?
3. Script
W: What shall I do? I‟m fat. I want to be slim and beauty, but I‟m fat. I‟ve tried all the new ideas, high carb and low carb, but nothing works. M: Those diets are just fads, popular for a while and then forgotten. Just follow the usual diet with fruits, vegetables, fish, water, and get plenty of exercise. Before long you‟ll see results. Q: What has the woman tried?
4. Script
W1: I think Lily is really attractive. She‟s half Spanish and has this
really sultry look about her.
W2: That explains why she tans so well. I‟ve always been jealous of her skin
color in the summer.
Q: Which of following is true of Lily?
5. Script
M: Trust me, it was tight there on the Internet: “Plastic Surgery Increasing at a Faster Rate Among Men”. Apparently more and more men are trying to improve their appearance.
W: I saw it too on the news. Face-lifts, nose jobs, and box to hide wrinkle are now very popular with men. Men say it‟s for business reasons, but we know it‟s vanity.
Q: What does the woman think the real reason is that men have plastic surgery?
Keys: 1.B 2.A 3. C 4D 5B
III. Listening In
Task 1: A Friendly Stylist
Stylist: Morning, sir. This chair, please. What can I do for you? Nick: A simple haircut: short on the back and sides.
Stylist: Very good. I can, of course, do something fashionable for only $60.
Nick: 60 dollars! That‟s highway robbery—twice what I ordinarily pay. Stylist: Perhaps, sir. But your haircuts haven‟t been in harmony with your
character. Your hair is at war with your soul. Nick: I‟ve never heard of such a thing. Stylist: If I may say, I‟m an expert at matching hairstyle to personalities.
Believe me; you‟re suffering a “disjunction”. Nick: A disjunction? What the devil is a disjunction? Stylist: Your hair does not match you.
Nick: This is utter nonsense. However, I‟d like to hear how you‟d solve this so-called problem.
Stylist: Your character is artistic, imaginative. But your hair is dull.
I can correct that imbalance in seconds.
Nick: Okay, let me see what can you do about the…uh…disjunction, as you
call it.
Stylist: We‟re going to use scissors to create peaks, which we‟ll keep in place with a liberal helping of gel….This tuft in the back we‟ll braid into a pigtail. Now, it‟s the new you!
Nick: I love it. It‟s just like me: imaginative and artistic. Now what
are you doing? What‟s wrong? Don‟t you see harmony in my new hairstyle?
Stylist: Something‟s preventing your hairstyle from being a true
fashionable statement.
Nick: For heaven‟s sake, tell me what‟s missing. Stylist: Streaks. By putting in a few yellow streaks in your hair, it will become a work of art. Streaking will cost you more, but…
Nick: Do it. Forget the cost. But, by the way, what is the total getting to be? How much am I paying to avoid disjunction?
Stylist: That‟s…$135. Sir? Sir, are you all right? Oh, he fainted.
6. When the stylist mentions $60, what does the customer say? 7. What does the stylist think about the customer‟s hairstyle? 8. What will the stylist do with the customer‟s hair?
9. What will streaking do to the man‟s hair according to the stylist? 10. What is the passage mainly about?
Keys: 1C.A 3.D4.B 5.A For Reference:
1. It means there is no match between you and your hair. 2. That‟s…$135. Sir? Sir, are you all right? Oh, he fainted.
Task3: A View of Happiness
Script
Men are turning to plastic surgery and cosmetic procedures to brighten up their appearances at a faster rate than women, according to a survey released on Wednesday.
Men‟s use of fat injections to soften deep wrinkles leaped 47 percent last year from the previous year. Women‟s use of the injections fell 36 percent, according to a survey by the American Academy of Facial and Plastic Reconstructive Surgeons.
Men‟s use of botox injections to eliminate frown lines rose 88 percent, while women‟s botox use fell 8 percent.
And for smoothing skin, the use of laser resurfacing among men rose 13percent, the survey showed. Meanwhile, women‟s use of laser resurfacing dropped 38 percent during the same time period.
The number of men getting nose jobs rose 47 percent, while the number of women doing so rose 5 percent.
Typically, men and women visiting plastic surgeons for cosmetic reasons were age 40 to 59.
The study said 44 percent of men and 57 percent of women tell their doctor that looking younger is the reason they are choosing cosmetic surgery. By about 18 percent, men are more likely than women to say they want facial cosmetic surgery for work-related reasons.
The study was conducted by written questionnaires from January 20 to March 3 among more than 2,600 members of the association, who focus on treatment of the face, head, and neck. By comparison, in the previous year, women‟s use of botox rose 60 percent while men‟s fell 14 percent; women‟s use of laser resurfacing rose 13 percent while men‟s fell 19 percent; women‟s use of fat injections fell17 percent and men‟s fell 54 percent.
6. What is true of men and women‟s use of fat injections? 7. While of the following is true of nose jobs?
8. How much greater is the percentage of women choosing cosmetic surgery to look younger than the percentage of men?
9. What is true of men and women using botox in the previous year?
10. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
Keys: 1C 2.C3. B 4.B 5.D
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Beauty Contests and Plastic Surgeries Script
Juliana Borges, who was named “Miss Brazil” early on Tuesday, had plastic surgery four times and underwent 19 smaller operations. She was just one of many competitors who were determined to improve their appearance through surgery.
“Plastic surgery make me more beautiful and gave me confidence in myself and the perfect measurement that won me this title,” said the beauty queen in a green dress, who was representing Brazil‟s southernmost state of Rio Grande do Sul.
Borges, 22, had liposuction and had her chin, nose, and ears worked on, as well as, had her breasts enlarged. With the development of plastic surgery, more and more of Brazil‟s would-be beauty queen are finding it easier to achieve the ideal measurements. These days, young hopefuls from the Amazon jungle to big cities in Brazil‟s south are planning surgery.
A third of the 27 finalists at the beauty contest went under the scalpel after rules were changed in the 1990s.The new rules permit plastic surgery, colored contact lenses, and hair dye at beauty contests.
The organizers of the Miss Brazil contest said, “It‟s a war out there, and all of the beauty tools that can be used should be used. Other countries like Venezuela paved the way, and Brazil is going to have to use those tools as well if it wants to compete in Miss University beauty contests.”
But Brazil‟s love for plastic surgery is not limited to beauty contests. Most young women who undergo surgery want to find a better man or a higher-paying job.
5. How many surgical operations did the former Miss Brazil have altogether? 6. What change has plastic surgery brought, according to the passage? 7. Which of the following is allowed after the rules changed in the1990s?? 4. Which of the following countries is mentioned as a pioneer in using beauty tools?
5. What is the goal of most young Brazilian women who undergo surgery?
Keys: 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A
Task 2: Is it true beauty?
Script
John: There goes Camilla. She looks gorgeous today, doesn‟t she? Her skin
is as smooth as a baby‟s bottom. Her lips are a perfect Cupid‟s bow. She must have dozens of admirers.
Becky: I wonder what she looks like without all makeup. She must out it
with a spoon. It‟s like a mask. I don‟t understand what men find so attractive about her.
John: Do I detect a hint of jealousy?
Becky: She has nothing for me to be jealous about.
John: I‟ll be you believe in those saying like: Beauty is in the eye of
the beholder.
Becky: True beauty comes from within. Natural materials should be enough
to bring it out.
John: But do you always stick to those rules? When I went past your
apartment last night, I saw you in the kitchen with some green substance smeared all your face.
Becky: They were cucumbers. They‟re natural healers of the skin. Haven‟t
you heard people say on TV that they soften the skin, wipe out the roughness, and build strength and resilience?
John: Yeah, yeah, yeah! They wipe out lines and age signs. Blah, blah,
blah! See, I can even recite that advertisement. Becky: You‟ve learned a lot, haven‟t you?
John: Since you can keep your skin so young-looking and maintain your
figure so well, you might as well as write a book on beauty secrets. Becky: Don‟t pull my leg. Anyway, you‟d do well to try the cucumber
treatment on yourself. Put some cucumber slice on your head. At least they‟ll keep that bald spot from shining so brightly.
.
Keys: FTFTF
Uint3
II. Basic Listening Practice
5. Script
W: Did you see the paper today? There was an earthquake in Brazil. M: Yes, but it only measured 3.5 on the Richter scale. I don‟t think there were any casualties. Q: What is the result of the earthquake of 3.5 on the Richter scale according to the man?
2. Script
W: I‟d a bit worried about Suzie traveling to southern India. It‟s the rainy season there, and there may be landsides. M: Suzie can take care of herself; she won‟t go anywhere too risky. Besides, you can always e-mail her if it makes you feel better. Q: What is Suzie doing?
3. Script
M: Hi, I thought you were on holiday in Asia! Back already? W: we never got there! Our travel agent cancelled our arrangements because
the whole region is flooded. We were so disappointed; we won‟t get another chance to go this year. Q: What is the woman doing?
4. Script
M: Our flight to Tokyo was delayed by twelve hours. Can you believe it? A typhoon hit the east coast and it was chaos.
W: I saw it on the news. The flooding and damage were terrible. I don‟t think anyone was hurt though.
Q: What is the consequence of the typhoon?
5. Script
W: Did you see the program last night about volcanoes? It was fascinating! M: Yes, the weird thing is the molten lava looks so beautiful, yet it‟s so destructive. And I couldn‟t believe how far the ash can travel. I‟m glad we don‟t have any volcanoes here!
Q: What does the man think the volcano is?
Keys: 1.D 2.A 3. C 4.B 5.C
III. Listening In
Task 1: Soft answers turn away wrath.
Son: Hi, mom, what are we having for dinner tonight? Mom: I haven‟t started yet. Why, have you any requires?
Son: How about tsunami for a change—I don‟t know what is, but I heard
some Japanese people using the word on the bus the other day. Sounds like a food. Maybe it‟s similar to sushi.
Mom: Nonsense. Tsunami comes from Japanese words meaning harbor and wave.
If we had a tsunami, it would be the other way around, young man. Son: Why? What is it?
Mom: I mean it may swallow you up. A tsunami is an enormous series of very
powerful waves.
Son: Could you surf on them? That could be cool.
Mom: They‟re not cool. They are very destructive. When they pound the shore
of populated areas, they cause tremendous damage. They destroy everything in their path. Son: What causes them?
Mom: I think they are caused by some sort of shock, like an earthquake,
volcano, or landside that starts a chain reaction in the ocean. Son: Do the waves get to big that they crush buildings?
Mom: Easily. They can be dozens of meters high. They toss cars and houses
around as though they were children‟s toys. Son: Can you see them coming?
Mom: You can see them at quite a distance. But there‟s not much you can
do. In the open ocean they move at up to 800km per hour, but when it reaches the shore, the system slows down and the waves get bigger. Son: How big?
Mom: They can reach 30 meters. Big enough to finish you off in one gulp.
11. What the son think a tsunami is?
12. What does Mom imply by saying, “If we had a tsunami, it would be the other way around”?
13. What does the son think surfing on tsunami waves would be like? 14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the cause of a tsunami? 15. How high can tsunami waves reach?
Keys: 1B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C
For Reference
1. In the open ocean they move at up to 800km per hour, but when it reaches
the shore, the system slows down and the waves get bigger.
2. They can reach 30 meters. Big enough to finish you off in one gulp.
Task3: A Blizzard
Script
A blizzard is a sever weather condition characterized by low temperatures and strong winds, greater than 15 miles per hour, bearing a great amount of snow.
Because the factors for classifying winter storms are complex, there are many different definitions of what a blizzard truly is. But it is generally agreed that in order to be classified as a blizzard, as opposed to merely a winter storm, the weather must meet several conditions. The storm must decrease visibility to a quarter of a mile for three hours running. Include snow or ice as precipitation, and have wind speed of at least 32 miles per hour, which means Force 7 or more on the Wind Scale.
Another standard, according to Environment Canada, is that the winter storm must have winds of 40 kilometers per hour or mi=ore, plenty of snow, visibility less than 1 kilometer, a temperature of less than -25 degrees Celsius, and all of these conditions must last for 4 hours or more, before the storm can properly be called a blizzard.
When all these conditions continue after snow has stopped falling, the storm is referred t o as a ground blizzard.
An extensive form of blizzard is a whiteout, when the downdrafts, together with snowfall, become so sever that it is impossible to distinguish the ground from the air. People caught in a whiteout can quickly become disoriented, losing their sense of up and down as well as their sense of direction. Severe blizzard can also occur along with arctic cyclones.
11. What is the passage mainly about?
12. Which of the following is true of a blizzard according to the first standard?
13. Which of the following is true of a blizzard according to the second standard?
14. What is a ground blizzard?
5. Which of the following is in the order of increasing force?
Keys: 1A 2.B3. C 4.D 5.C
For Reference
They can quickly become disoriented, losing their sense of up and down as well as their sense of direction.
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Description of a Tsunami Script
A strange hissing noise filled the air, said witnesses to the disaster, and that was followed by an ear-shattering roar. Racing toward the shore at speed of 450 kilometers per hour was a vast black wall of water more than 20 meters high.
For sunbathers on the beaches and diners at outdoor beachfront cafes there was no escape. Along with fishing boats, automobiles, trams, trains, early-morning shoppers and beach bungalows they were smashed to the ground and swept as far as two kilometers inland by the force of the tsunami that came after a force 9 earthquake deep under the sea off the coast of Sumatra. Many local residents, including numerous children, rushed onto the beach to pick up fish thrown ashore by the first giant wave. Before they could return to safety, a second powerful wave struck and swept them to their deaths at sea. When the worst of the waters finally retreated back into the ocean, bodies lay everywhere, and many hung from trees. At least 140,000 people died in the flooding around the rim of the Indian Ocean and as far away as Kenya and Somalia. Still missing are more than a thousand people, among then 200 Indonesian fishmen.
Hundreds of fishing village in India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Thailand are cut off from supplies of clean water, food and medicines. Relief efforts from across the globe are rushing towards the disaster area. Whether they will be able to prevent further deaths from disease remain to be seen.
8. What happened after shoppers were smashed to the ground?
9. According to the passage, what happened after the first giant wave? 10. How many people are missing in the disaster?
11. What may follow immediately after the disaster, according to the passage?
12. What id the passage mainly about?
Keys: 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A
Task 2: Drought in South Africa
Script
South Africa is heading for a disaster in the new year because of a drought. The water level at some dams have dropped below 20% while the ground water table has dropped by as much s 30 meters
Emergency measure have been introduced ensure that millions of people have enough water to survive. In rural areas without dams, the government has to send water by truck and sink new, deeper wells to provide drinking water. Tanked water is provided about 3.5 million South Africans. People here normally use barely 30 liters a day, and is impossible to further limit their usage. That is why agricultural use has to be restricted.
More than 100,000 farm workers might lose their jobs if it does not rain soon. Water restrictions, which have a negative influence on the agricultural sector in particular, have already been imposed in several districts. Farmers have been forced to stop irrigating their crops to ensure that enough water is available for domestic use. Maize farmers in the eastern parts of the country have almost no hope of planting their crop in time. They need rain within the next two weeks to be able to start planting. Where farmers did sow, the seedlings have been scorched under the sun.
An estimated 40,000 head of livestock have died because of the dry spell. Thousands of stock farmers will have to slaughter their livestock on a large scale because there is no grass left.
The parts suffering the most were rural areas without dams. If it does not rain, the people there will face a huge crisis.
Keys: FFTFT
Uint4
II. Basic Listening Practice
6. Script
M: Do you see yourself as a leader or more of a team player?
W: Well, it depends on the circumstances. I usually enjoy working as part of a team and helping everyone work together. But if the leadership is weak, I‟m not afraid to take over in order to achieve the goal at hand. Q: What does the woman want to be?
7. Script
W: Good morning, I have an appointment with Mr. Davies at 11o‟ clock. M: Yes, he left a message for you saying he‟s terribly sorry but he‟s stuck in traffic and is running 15 minutes late. Please take a seat and he‟ll be here as soon as possible. Would you like tea or coffee?
Q: Where is the conversation probably taking place?
3. Script
W: You don‟t happy. Did you get that promotion?
M: No, they brought in some new guy. I‟m not going to hang around for much longer, I can‟t assure you. Q: Why is the man unhappy?
4. Script
W: Mr. Jones is a self-made millionaire, and I‟m honored to have worked for him for the past thirty years as his accountant.
M: He must be pleased to have a loyal and faithful employee such as yourself.
Q: What is true of the woman?
5. Script
W: Jane, we‟re considering you for the new office manager‟s position. We‟ve been very pleased with your work.
M: Thank you very much. I‟ve always enjoyed working here, and I would welcome an opportunity for more responsibility. Q: Which of the following is true?
Keys: 1.C 2.B 3. A 4.B 5.D
III. Listening In
Task 1: You’re fired!
Joan: Come in, come in. Have a seat. Ah…uh…I want you to know this is
going to hurt me more than it will hurt you.
Carl: Yes, ma‟am. But I‟m not quite sure what you‟re talking about. Joan: You‟re fired. That‟s what I‟m talking about.
Carl: I find that surprising, Miss Jackson. After all, I sold twenty-five percent more of our products than any other salesperson.
Joan: Look, I‟m not here to argue. You‟re fired. Understand?
Carl: I understand perfectly. I just wonder what‟s going to happen to the
contract I‟ve been arranging. It would be a shame to lose it; it could mean a lot of our company. And I‟m the only one who knows the details.
Joan: No one is indispensable. Just clear out your desk, and that‟s the
end of it. Do I make myself clear, Mr. Westlake? Carl: Crystal clear—apart from one small detail. Joan: And what, pray tell, is that detail? Carl: I‟m not Mr. Westlake. I‟m Carl Smith.
Joan: Well then, that‟s a different kettle of fish, Mr. Smith. I know you‟ve
bee n working late almost every night and coming in on Saturdays to get work done. The company is very happy with your progress. Carl: That‟s good to know. I was beginning to think that I wasn‟t
appreciated.
Joan: You‟re doing well. We have approved your first salary increase. Carl: That‟s great! Thank you! I‟ll certainly try to live up to the trust
you have demonstrated in me with this raise in pay.
16. Why is the man surprised at the being fired?
17. What is the second reason mentioned of the man to object to his being fired?
18. What mistake did the woman make?
19. What do you know about the man‟s work performance? 20. What does the man finally get?
Keys: 1C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.A
For Reference
1. I want you to know this is going to hurt me more than it will hurt you. 2. That‟s great! Thank you! I‟ll certainly try to live up to the trust you have demonstrated in me with this raise in pay.
Task3: The Role of Job Descriptions
Script
People who don‟t understand what their employers expect them to do may be headed for one of the most common and yet most avoidable career traps. If your boss doesn‟t take the time to explain properly what you are expected to do in your position. Then keep asking questions until you know precisely what it is. Don‟t limit your questions to matter of everyday routine. Lee Colby, a management consultant based in Minneapolis, offers his advice. He says you can ask more significant questions like, “What are our departmwnt‟s goals? How does my work fit in with the overall objective of the company?”
That method helped Lisa James, an assistant manager at an electronics company. When James was transferred to a new department seven years ago, she found herself not only working for the manager of quality control, but assisting three other managers. Because the job was both demanding and ill-defined, James had to put in ten-hour days as well as take work home.
To clarify what was expected of her and what she hoped to get from her job in terms of career department, she drafted a list of goals in collaboration with her principal boss. The list proved so well though out that her boss used it as the basis for her annual performance reviews. Shortly afterwards, she was given a raise for her efficient work.
If your boss is vague about what your goals should be, try this technique suggested by Atkin Simon, director of a Boston-based management-consulting firm: Read your position description, which most large firms provide, and identify the two or three most important tasks it mentions. Then meet with your boss, point out the tasks you‟ve chosen and ask if they accurately reflect what your boss considers important.
15. If your boss does not describe your job responsibility clearly, what can you do?
16. What kind of questions can you ask about your job?
17. When James was transferred to a new department, how many managers did she have to work for?
18. With whom did James draft a list of goals? 5. How was her list of goals received?
Keys: 1B 2.D3. D 4.A 5.C
For Reference
Read your position description and identify the two or three most important tasks it mentions. Then meet with your boss, point out the tasks you‟ve chosen and ask if they accurately reflect what your boss considers important.
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: A small misstep can become a big career trap.
Script
George Adams, a market researcher at a Midwestern firm, finally printed his marketing report. After months of research, hundreds of surveys, and several boring drafts, his report was complete, and just in time. He was going away for the weekend, and he wanted to relax knowing his report was a success. He carefully proofread his document and then delivered copies to all the executives on his distribution list.
When he returned to his desk, he discovered his boss, the department manager, was livid. At first he did not realize he had accidentally gone over his head. Anyway, she had given him the contribution list in the first place. So he thought he was just following orders. But the boss was furious that she hadn‟t seen the final document.
The boss asked Adams to get back the copies, but it was too late. When Adams got to the CEO‟s office, he was already reading the report.
Adams had felt friction with his boss before. She was overbearing and tended to find fault with his work after he‟d broken his back to meet deadlines. In this instance, however, he realized he had made a serious error. His boss was extremely upset, for his mistake made her look as though she wasn‟t in control of her department. From the boss‟s point of view, Adams was usurping her authority. The result was simple and natural: Adams left his job soon afterward.
Adams‟s story illustrates a fundamental truth about the workplace: small, seemingly innocent missteps can sometimes become a big career trap.
13. To whom did Adams deliver copies of the report?
14. What did Adams discover after he delivered the copies?
15. What happened when the boss asked Adams to get back the copies of the report?
16. According to the passage, why was his boss extremely upset? 5. What conclusion can we draw from the passage?
Keys: 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C
Task 2: The boss is angry!
Script
Sam: Tell me: Does this place look like a nursing home? Sally: No. Why?
Sam: Do I look like a male nurse? Sally: Not at all. Sam: Then why do my employees act as though this were a nursing home instead
of a work place?
Sally: You‟re obviously upset. What‟s wrong? Tell me. Sam: You‟re right. I‟m upset about a lot of things. Sally: Can you tell me what the problems are?
Sam: First of all I‟m upset because so many of the staff have been showing
up late for work.
Sally: It‟s true. A lot of people have been coming in late. They probably
think you don‟t mind. You know there‟s a pretty relaxed atmosphere here.
Sam: Maybe it‟s because I hang out with a lot of them outside the office. Sally: They must see you more as a buddy than a boss. It‟s because you‟re so friendly.
Sam: You‟re right. They don‟t view me as an authority figure anymore. I‟m afraid they don‟t respect me as a boss
Sally: So what are you going to do about it?
Sam: I‟m going to change. No more Mr. Nice Guy. I‟m going to start cracking
the whip.
Sally: When do you want this change to take place?
Sam: Starting today, I‟m going to lay down the law. From now on, everyone in the company must follow regulations to the latter.
Sally: I‟ll post a notice as soon as possible. What should it say?
Sam: No more punching in late. No more clocking out early. No more calling
in sick without a goof reason or without a doctor‟s note. Sally: Anything else?
Sam: No more personal phone calls or e-mails on company time! Sally: All right, I‟ll get right on it!
Keys: FTFTF
Uint5
II. Basic Listening Practice
8. Script
W: Why do some people stay in one job for life while others switch jobs from time to time?
M: Some people want a fixed routine so that they don‟t have to adapt tot new circumstances over and over again, while others think variety is the spice of life.
Q: According to the dialog, why do some people stick to one job for life?
9. Script
M: Kathleen, you‟ve been late for work so many times lately that I have to warn you that any repetition will result in your dismissal.
W: I‟m sorry. I‟ll try my best to get here earlier in the future. Perhaps I could work later to make up the time I‟ve lost. Q: What does the woman say?
3. Script
M: Mr. Brown, my time here has been frustrating for me. I have a better opportunity with another firm, and I‟m taking it.
W: We won‟t be sorry to see you leave, Richard. You‟ve done your best to make everyone here as miserable as you are.
Q: How does the woman feel about the man‟s leaving?
4. Script
W: Mr. Armes, I wanted to tell you in person that at the end of this month I‟ll be leaving the company.
M: Well, Sylvia, we are certainly going to miss you here, but I wish you the best of luck.
Q: What does the woman want?
5. Script
W: Time, I hate to tell you this, but we‟re caught in a budget crunch, and we must lay you off. I‟m sorry.
M: I understand. I‟ve enjoyed my time here, and I‟m confident I can find something else.
Q: What is the man‟s response?
Keys: 1.B2.D3. A 4.C 5.D
III. Listening In
Task 1: How to Avoid Bankruptcy
Manager: Adam! Have you any suggestions about how we can avoid bankruptcy?
Adam: Downsizing would certainly reduce our operating costs. You know,
make us lean and mean, the way you have to be in today‟s market.
Manager: Where do you suggest we start making these staff cuts?
Adam: The logical place to start would be in administration. They
usually overstaffed.
Manager: That‟s not going to go over very well with our employees. Some
of them have been with the company for years.
Adam: It‟s painful process, but there‟s no choice. They‟ll just have to
get used to the idea.
Manager: We can give them a fairly decent severance package when they‟re
fired.
Adam: I know. And I think that if we computerize the office, we could
reduce office staff by about 20 percent just by eliminating a lot of paperwork.
Manager: OK. If we lay off 20 percent of the administrative staff, will
that be enough to get the company back on its feet?
Adam: Unfortunately not. We‟ll also need to make some cuts in the
service department.
Manager: How can we do that and maintain the level of service that we offer
our passengers?
Adam: Well, we‟ll have to retrain the service staff and streamline our
operations, so we won‟t need as many people to run things smoothly.
Manager: Well, this is serious, but I really don‟t think we have any other
choice. If we keep losing money like this, we‟ll have to shut everything down.
21. What is the dialog mainly concerned with?
22. What does the man mean by “make us lean and mean”?
23. What is the difficulty in cutting the administrative staff? 24. What will happen as a result of firing the administrators?
25. What does the man think will happen after they cut 20 percent of the administrators?
Keys: 1B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.C
For Reference 1. He suggests retaining the service staff and streaming their operations, so they won‟t need as many people to run things smoothly.
2. That is a serious step, but she thinks they haven‟t any other choice. If they keep losing money, they will have to shut everything down.
Task3: Layoffs can be predicted.
Script
In some cases companies inform their employees in advance that layoffs are coming. In other cases, they come without warning: You arrive on time for work on a Friday, but you are told not to come next week. Ouch! In either case, you may be able to sense some bad signs in advance. Maybe the company has tried very hard to avoid layoffs; maybe it has been preparing for the worst for quite some time. If you think about the bad omens carefully, you might know as much or more than some of the employees in managerial positions with management responsibilities.
For example, if you work in sales, you might know that quotas have not been met. If you work in field engineering, you might notice far fewer customer installations. If your company‟s competitors, suppliers or customers are laying off employees, it‟s likely your company will too, especially if economic conditions are affecting your industry. Check the layoff statistics from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Search the Net and your local newspaper too for articles concerning layoffs in your industry.
Do things like bad sales always mean that layoffs are coming to your company? Not necessarily. Companies have seasonal and economic sales dips all the time, and are always looking for ways to improve their performance. So, if you see only one or two bad signs, don‟t jump to a hasty conclusion. But if you see more, especially along the lines of earnings warnings, budget cuts, hiring freezes, restructuring, and massive layoffs in your industry, it might just be time to get your resume up to date and start looking for a new job. Also, it might e a good idea to cancel your vacation, implement money-saving measures, and become more useful on your job. You should prepare in advance if you think you might get the axe soon.
19. What is the passage mainly about?
20. According to the passage, when can one sense layoffs are coming? 21. What is mentioned as a bad sign for the field engineering department? 22. According to the passage, what do bad sales signal?
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a sign for you to update your resume?
Keys: 1D 2.C3. B 4.C 5A
For Reference
You may get your resume up to date and start looking for a new job. Also, it might e a good idea to cancel your vacation, implement money-saving measures, and become more useful on your job.
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Problems of Joblessness Script
Joblessness can lead to a series of problem, and it is not easy to solve them.
First of all, being without a job often means lacking social contract wit h fellow employees, and lacking a purpose for many hours of the day,. Also, it obviously affects your ability to pay bills and t o purchase the necessities of life, Lack of this ability is especially serious for those wit family obligations, debts, or medical costs, and it is especially true id in a country like the United States, where the availability of medical insurance is often linked to holding a job.
Some maintain that jobless people can rely on unemployment insurance, but this is no true. Unemployment insurance in the U.S. typically does not even replace50 percent of the income one received on the job, and one cannot receive it forever. Therefore, the unemployed often end up aping welfare programs such as Food Stamps—or accumulating debt: both formal debt to banks and informal debt to friends and relatives.
Some hold that low-income jobs provide solution to joblessness, but this is not true. Since it is difficult or impossible to get unemployment insurance benefits without having worked in the past, job-seekers have to accept low-income jobs. Thus, unemployment insurance keeps a ready supply of low-paid workers. To make things worse, many employers take advantage of this. When they resort to such management techniques as low wages and benefits, as well ad few chances for advancement, they bear the unemployment insurance option in mind.
Under increasing unemployment pressure, jobless people suffer from a variety of financial, psychological and social problems. Increase unemployment encourages bad health and raises both crime and suicide rates.
17. What is the first problem mentioned concerning joblessness?
18. Which of the following is true of American unemployment insurance? 19. Why do people accept low-income jobs?
20. According to the passage, what problems might unemployment cause? 21. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage?
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D5.A
Task 2: Before the cutback
Script
Barbara: I‟ve really got to think about my future. You‟ve heard of the
cutbacks the management‟s making, right?
Alan: Oh, yes. I‟ve heard it. But you haven‟t anything to be concerned
about.
Barbara: Around here you never know from one day to the next whether you
can keep your job
.Alan: Come on, they won‟t let you go. You‟ve been for so long. Besides,
you‟re good at your job.
Barbara: That might be, but I feel that I‟ve reached the glass ceiling
in this company.
Alan: Glass ceiling? What do you mean by that?
Barbara: I‟ve been working here for ten years. I haven‟t gotten a promotion
in three years. I thought I should be Vice President by now. If I were a man, I‟m sure I would be Vice President.
Alan: There‟s no official company policy, but it‟s true that they don‟t
promote women to management positions here.
Barbara: I can see the writing on the wall. I think it‟s time to change job,
and maybe even careers, if I want to get ahead.
Alan: Change career? That‟s a big jump. If you change careers, what
will you do?
Barbara: I‟m doing market research here, but I studies public relations in
college. I‟d like to do PR for a large multinational company.
Alan: That sounds exciting, and the pay would be better, too. Yeah,
if I would keep an eye on the job positing on the Internet.
Barbara: Sooner or later something good is bound to turn up in the job market.
Keys: TTFFF
Uint6
II. Basic Listening Practice
10. Script
W: What‟s that? Is it a toy? Did it get chewed by a dog?
M: Hey, that‟s my mascot! My uncle gave it to me when I was five, and it‟s been with me ever since. It brought me luck in all my college exams. I can‟t bring myself to part with it.
Q: What does the man say about his lucky charm?
11. Script
W: Wish me luck; I‟ve got a job interview this afternoon. I‟m really nervous.
M: Stay calm, best of luck! I‟ve got my finger crossed for you.
Q: What does the woman say he has crossed his fingers for the woman?
3. Script
W: Oh no! Did you see that black cat walk right in front of me? That‟s unlucky!
M: Really? I guess it depends on where you come from. In my hometown it‟s the opposite: It‟s lucky to see a black cat cross your path. So no need to worry!
Q: What do the man and the woman think about a black cat crossing their path?
4. Script
M: Guess what I did this morning? I smashed my mirror. A great way to start the day!
W: Oh no, seven years‟ bad luck, isn‟t it? Q: What happened in the morning?
5. Script
M: I can‟t believe this rain; it‟s been pouring for hours! Where can I dry my umbrella?
W: Not in here please! It‟s unlucky to open an umbrella indoors. You can put it on the porch.
Q: Where does the woman ask the man do to open his umbrella?
Keys: 1.C2.C3. A 4.D 5.B
III. Listening In
Task 1: David Copperfield is coming.
W: My brother is going to pick up some tickers for the David
Copperfield show. You interested in coming with us?
M: I don‟t know. I‟ve been card tricks before, and rabbits from hats.
I even do tricks myself—watch me change this coin into an ice cream cone.
W: Very funny. David Copperfield is the world‟s greatest magician; he‟s
certainly worth a look.
M: Actually, I have seen him on television. He pulls off some pretty
amazing stunts. I wish I knew how he performed his tricks. Then I could also make a person float in the air. I could pull a rabbit out of my hat. I could escape from a straitjacket and handcuffs—all underwater. And I could saw a woman in half.
W: A magician never tells his secrets. David attempts the impossible
and no one has any idea how he does it. I saw him on TV when he walked through the Great Wall of China.
M: How could he do that?
W: I have no idea, but I know what I saw: He entered a canvas shelter
on one side of the wall, and he came out of a canvas shelter on the other side.
M: yes, bur was he always in full view of the camera, or did they cut
to a commercial or something else?
W: Not only was the camera running all the time, but he was hooked
up a heart monitor, and you could track his progress as he moved through the wall.
M: It‟s difficult to know what to believe. I know it‟s not possible for
him to do that, but…
W: It sounds to me like it‟s a show worth watching.
M: Count me in. Instead of an ice cream cone, I‟ll turn my money into
a ticket.
26. What is the dialog mainly about?
27. Which of the following DOESN‟T the man mention?
28. What did David Copperfield do at the Great Wall of China, according to the woman?
29. Under what condition did David Copperfield go through the Great Wall? 30. What does the man finally decide to do?
Keys: 1C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C
For Reference
1. He could make a person float in the air, pull a rabbit out of his hat, escape from a straitjacket and handcuffs—all underwater, and saw a woman in half.
2. She thinks Davis Copperfield in the world‟s greatest magician and he‟s certainly worth a look.
Task3: The Status on Easter Island
Script
One of the greatest mysteries on Earth is the statues on Easter Island. The island is one of the most remote places on Earth, located in the southern Pacific Ocean. It was almost uninhabited when it was discovered on Easter Day in 1722 by a Dutch captain, but it is covered with hundreds of giant statues, each weighing several tons and some standing more than 30 feet tall.
Who carved these statures, and how and why were they put there?
Nobody knows the answer for sure, but many ate trying to find out. There are many theories to explain this mystery. It has even been suggested the space aliens may have played a role regarding these giant statues. Another theory relates to the fact that Easter Island was inhabited by Polynesian seafarers, who traveled thousand of miles in their canoes, guided by the stars, the color of sky and the sun , the shapes of clouds, and the presence of birds making flights out to sea seeking food. The Polynesians first arrived on the island in 499A.D.However, the ocean currents which carried them there would mot take them back. They were trapped and, having arrived there, could not leave. The Polynesians probable cared the statues themselves, perhaps as religious symbols.
To date, 887 statues have been discovered on the island. However, only a few statues were carried intended destination. The rest were abandoned along the way.
The statues appear to have been carved out of the top edge of walls of a volcano on the island. After a statue was carved, it may have been rolled or dragged down to the base of the volcano. Then it was put upright, and ropes were tied around it. Using a pulley system, the statue was moves to its intended destination.
At its peak, the population of Eater Island is believed to have reached 11,000. Eventually, the resources of the island were exhausted, and the people resorted to cannibalism, eating one another. Work on the statues stopped and the statues were knocked over. When the first Europeans finally arrived on the island, most of the people lad died out.
23. When and by whom was the island discovered?
24. Who are mentioned in the passage as possible builders of the statues? 25. What is true of the Polynesians on the island according to the passage? 26. How many statues ere carried to their intended destination?
5. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage?
Keys: 1A 2.B3. D 4.D 5B
For Reference
The resources of the island were exhausted, and the people resorted to cannibalism, eating each other. When the first Europeans finally arrived on the island, most of the people lad died out.
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Horseshoes as a Sign of Good Luck Script
Horseshoes are a traditional sign of good luck. Most people believe this comes from the fact that the horseshoe is shaped like the crescent moon, a period of prosperity and good fortune. One legend has it that the Devil was in disguise and wandering at large, looking for trouble. He happened to call on St. Dunstan, who ea skilled in shoeing horses. St. Dunstan recognized the Devil and tied him to a wall with only his feet free to move. He then set to work shoeing him as though he were a horse, but with such roughness the Devil cried out for mercy. St. Dunstan stopped his work and released the Devil after making him promise never to enter a home on which a horseshoe was fixed. Witches fear horses, so they are also turned away by a door with a horseshoe mounted on it. The big issue regarding horseshoes is whether they should be hung points up or points down.
The original superstition was that the horseshoe is points up to keep the luck from pouring out. Despite this view most buildings with horseshoes in their sign hang them the opposite way. The Horseshoe Casino in Las Vegas hangs its horseshoe with the arc on top. They may be hoping their customers‟ luck runs out, but this is usually not something you advertise in your sign.
Finger rings made of horseshoe nail are said to keep away bad luck. Also, robbing two horseshoes together is said to bring good luck.
22. According to the passage, what does the crescent moon represent? 23. What did St. Dunstan do to the Devil? 24. What did the Devil promise?
25. What is the big issue concerning the horseshoe?
26. Why is the arc of the horseshoe up at the casino in Las Vegas?
Keys: 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C5.B
Task 2: Superstitions or real bad lucks?
Script
Joan: Pass me that mirror, would you? I‟ll see if my makeup is OK. Dick: OOOPS!! Sorry I dropped it…but is it you or me that gets the seven
years of bad luck?
Joan: You, I hope, but probable neither of us. I wonder where that “old
wives‟ tale” originated anyway. Dick: There used to be a lot of superstitions: black cats, ladders, numbers.
My parent and grandparents are full of them.
Joan: I agree. People today are much more educated than before. These
superstitions are just amusing pieced of history rather than beliefs, don‟t you think so?
Dick: Perhaps, but some people today still go for them. People whose
livelihoods depend more on luck—like professional athletes, or fishermen—often they have superstitious routines.
Joan: It‟s rue. I have heard of athletes who wear lucky socks or a
treasured medal to bring them good fortune.
Dick: And let‟s not forget lucky numbers. We all know about the number4,6, and 8
in China.
Joan: I know 4 is death and 8 is wealth, but what is the significance of
6?
Dick: 6 means good luck. Some people include 6 in their e-mail address just
for luck.
Joan: Maybe we are not as smart as we think we are.
Dick: Well, there are many things in the universe that we cannot control, and
that‟s why people are superstitious.
Keys: TTFFT
Uint7
II. Basic Listening Practice
12. Script
M: We offer all kinds of tours and excursions. DO you have anything particular in mind?
W: Not really, we‟d just like to see the local sights and have an English speaking guide. It would be good if they were someone local too. My husband is interested in the local stories and folklore. Q: What does the woman mention as one of her preferences?
2. Script
M: Are you joining a tour group when you go to Indonesia?
W: No, I‟m going to backpack my way round. I like being independent and seeing things at my own pace. Besides, there‟s more chance of meeting local people that way. I‟ve just got to be careful. Q: what dose the woman want?
3. Script
W: Hey, could you bring your video camera to the kids‟ concert tomorrow? I‟d love to capture it on film.
M: No problem. I‟ll burn it to a DVD for you afterwards, then you can watch it at home.
Q: How will the woman watch the concert later in the week?
4. Script
W: I can‟t find that track I really like anywhere. It‟s not on CDs in any of the shops, and I really want it on a CD.
M: Well, let‟s look online. Maybe we can download it, then burn it to a CD.
Q: What does the man suggest doing to get the track?
5. Script
W: Here‟s a riddle: You love deep-sea finishing in Florida, and you‟re crazy about skiing in Canada, but you can‟t afford even one vacation home. What do you do?
M: I buy a share in two holiday homes, so I own a week or more at each place. Timesharing is the way many people afford seemingly expensive holidays.
Q: What advice does the man give for people unable to afford expensive holiday homes?
Keys: 1.A 2.A 3. D 4.B 5.C
III. Listening In
Task 1: I’m doing a lot of things on the computer!
Script
Barbara: Jack, you‟re sitting in front of your computer again! The sea
and the sand are only steps only away. Why are you wasting these beautiful holidays? The summer will be over before you know it.
Jack: I‟m not wasting the holidays as you say. The computer is a good
thing. On the Internet you can go to any part of the world; I can see everything in the world. It‟s more real than reality.
Barbara: But…but you can‟t spend your entire summer watching that screen.
You‟ll get a big bottom.
Jack: I‟m not just watching the screen. I‟m doing a lot of things—I‟m
sending e-mails, I‟m learning things, I‟m chatting in chat rooms…
Barbara: Right! But I‟ll bet you‟re spending most of your time playing
computer games—a time-wasting, mindless activity that I‟ll turn your brain into Chinese doufoo.
Jack: No, it isn‟t a single mindless pastime. It‟s many activities:
role-playing games, arcade games, adventure games, strategy games…
Barbara: I understand the computer is a wonderful thing, but you have
to be careful not to get too much of a good thing. Every life needs some variety in it. It would be a lot healthier if you played a chess game outdoors, in the park.
Jack: It wouldn‟t be the same. In those games in the park I can‟t play
against the grandmaster of Moscow, can I? And there are creative games in the computer, where I can learn city planning and psychology.
Barbara: Well, what about me? Don‟t you think I‟d like a little attention? Jack: Now, Baby, that‟s no way to talk. After all this time together,
you know I love you.
Barbara: I‟m not so sure any more. It‟s time you made a choice. Is it
going to be more me or the computer?
Jack: Well…
1. Where does this dialog probably take place?
2. What dose the man like to do according to the dialog?
3. What does the woman mean when she says the man‟s brain will turn into Chinese doufoo?
4. What does the man think about a chess game outdoors? 5. What does the woman mean when she says, “Don‟t you think I‟d like a little attention?”
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3. C 4.D 5.C
For Reference
1. He says that in those games in the park he can‟t play against the grandmaster of Moscow. And there are creative games in the computer, where he can learn city planning and psychology,
2. She asks him to make a choice between her and the computer.
Task3: The Modern Circus
Script
The first modern circus was staged in London in 1768 by Philip Astley, a former English cavalry officer, who performed as a trick ride. Beginning with a visit to Paris in 1772, Astley introduced the circus in cities throughout continental Europe and was responsible for establishing permanent circuses in a number of European countries as well as in England. A circus was first presented in 1793 at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg.
By the early 19th century, several permanently-based circuses were located in larger European cities. In addition, small traveling shows moved from town to town in covered wagons in which the performers lived. The traveling shows were usually simple affairs, featuring a fiddler or two, a juggler, a ropedancer, and a few acrobats. In the early circuses such performers gave their shows in open spaces and took up a collection for pay; later, the performers used elaborate shows. In the earlier part of the 19th century a main feature of the permanent circus program was the presentation of
th
grams that included displays of horsemanship. Throughout the 19 century the circus evolved in programming and management. Initially, trained horse and horsemanship performances dominated circuses, but ropedancing, juggling, acrobatic acts, wild-animal acts, and clowning were all introduced within the first few decades. The flying trapeze, an important part of the modern circus, was not invented until 1858, and the street parade and sideshow did not become standard circus events until later in the 19th century. Tents are believed to have come into use in the 1820s, but it is uncertain whether they appeared first in Europe or in the United States.
Nowadays, the entertainment activities offered at a circus are more elaborate, generally consisting of displays of horsemanship, exhibitions by gymnasts, aerialists, wild-animal trainer, performing animals, and comic performance by clowns.
27. What was Phillip Astley especially good at?
28. According to the passage, what was true of the early traveling shows? 29. What acts were featured in permanent circus programs in the early 19th century?
30. When were wild-animal acts introduced? 31. What is the main idea of the passage?
Keys: 1C 2.A3. B 4.B 5.D
For Reference
They are more elaborate, generally consisting of displays of horsemanship, exhibitions by gymnasts, aerialists, wild-animal trainer, performing animals, and comic performance by clowns
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: The History of Chinese Acrobatics Script
Welcome to the magnificent world of the Beijing Acrobats! Here the impossible is made of possible, and “daring” only begins to describe their amazing performance. The Beijing Acrobats are comprised of the finest acrobatic troupes in China today and have received acclaim from countries around the world. An outgrowth of Great China Circus, popular during the 1920‟s, this group became an integrated professional acrobatic company in 1958.
Many of the magnificent and sophisticated feats we see today were performed even in ancient times. The history of Chinese acrobatics is rich in tradition and dates back over 2,000 years. It began with folk arts; tumbling, juggling ordinary household objects and balancing.
Myth and religion also influenced the acrobatic performing arts. The Lion Dance is Buddhist in origin. It was a symbol for the spirit of renewal and for avoiding bad luck. Throughout the history of China the acrobatic
arts flourished, but in varying degrees. Originally, court entertainments were formal and monotonous, quite the opposite of the lively folk arts of the people. Eventually, however, the excitement of the acrobats‟ amazing feats caught and held the attention of the ruling class. Acrobatic performers were routinely invited to the court to entertain and impress the Emperors. These varied acts of tumbling, singing, dancing and juggling became known as “The Hundred Entertainments” in the Han Dynasty, more than 2, 000 years ago. The acrobatic arts have always maintained their popularity with the people. Today the acrobatics of families carry on this highly-acclaimed tradition. Children begin training at a young age to do handstands on a chair, balance jar, spin plates and throw knives; they stick to a strict training schedule which they follow the rest of their lives.
Now let‟s sit back, relax and enjoy the shows as our performers reveal to you their mastery of an ancient art from, thousands of years in the making!
27. Where does this speech probably occur? 28. When was the Great China Circus popular?
29. How long is the history of Chinese acrobatics?
30. According to the passage, what does the lion in a Lion Dance symbolize? 5. How long do acrobats receives training?
Keys: 1D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
Task 2: Exercise to Relax
Script
Wendy: What a day…a walk on the beach, bodysurfing, an hour of pumping
iron, followed by a nice long jog. Maybe we can finish off with a little badminton this evening.
Howard: Groan.
Wendy: So far this week, we‟ve played beach volleyball, gone hiking, gone
swimming, and ridden mountain bikes. Don‟t you feel better in mind and body than when we arrived here?
Howard: To tell the truth, I ache all over. My muscles are complaining
that they‟re being mistreated.
Wendy: Oh, now, admit it: This is the way to get the most out of life.
This is how Nature intended us to live. I‟ll bet you‟d be exercising even if I weren‟t here.
Howard: Not a chance. Whenever I feel the urge to exercise, I lie and wait
for the feeling to pass. I prefer sitting around fishing or resting on a comfortable chair and watching the grass grow or stretching out on the beach while the sun slowly sets.
Wendy: You‟re a lazy lump. Before long you‟ll be fat and weak and short of
breath. If you think we had a big workout this week, just wait till next week. We‟re going rafting, and after that, I want to go camping and mountain climbing.
Howard: Know what you are? You‟re fitness freak. You‟re hooked on exercise. Wendy: Well, that may be true. But I‟ll make a deal with you. If you promise
to go camping with me next week, we‟ll go to a movie this weekend.
Howard: Wonderful. Just what I was waiting to hear. It sounds like a great
chance to relax. Maybe someday I can even help you break free from that horrible fitness habit.
Wendy: That‟ll be the day!
Keys: FTTFF
Uint8
II. Basic Listening Practice
M: Scentists claim the world population has 99.5% of the same DNA. W: But this doesn‟t tell us there is no such thing as race. Q: What is true of the DNA of difference races?
1. Script
2. Script
W: With the advent of the genetic map we know where everything is, but do we know where to go with it?
M: Your map seems to differ largely from my geographical map! Q: What does the man imply?
3. Script
M: As you know, it has taken millions of years of evolution and natural selection to
get us where we are today.
W: Yes, but now that we have genetic engineering, we seem to have decided that we
want to be God.
Q: What does the woman imply?
4. Script
M: I think the research into cloning will lead us into dangers, filling us with false
hopes of perfection.
W: It‟s too late to turn back the clock. We‟ll just have to depend on common sense to
solve uncommon problems. Q: What does the woman mean?
5. Script
W: In America, many prisoners are having their cases reviewed, and some have even been freed through DNA testing.
M: Except for the ones whose death sentence has already been carried out. Q: What can we learn about DNA testing from the dialog? Keys: 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C
III. Listening In
Task 1: Stem Cell Research Script
Gregory: The Republican party in America is opposing stem cell research. I find it hard to believe that in this day and age, someone would do that.
Lillian: Stem cell research sounds pretty impressive, I‟ll admit. But just what is it? Gregory: Well, a stem cell is a special type of cell. It is a general cell that, when it devides, can become any specific type of cell.
Lillian: You mean, a stem cell can become a heart cell? Or a brain or a kidney cell? Gregory: That‟s about it. Stem cells are a part of the body‟s maintenance and repair system. When they divide, they can become any cell type.
Lillian: I guess there would be some tremendous medical advantages in that sort of research.
Gregory: You‟ve said a mouthful. Recently, scientists were able to help a man who lost a jawbone for cancer. They recreated bone material for his jaw from stem
cells. What it means is that since the new bone was created out of the person‟s own cells, there was no problem with rejection because the DNA was the same.
Lillian: I bet the person was delighted. Why would anyone oppose that sort of
research? It would seem to have endless potential to benefit the human race.
Gregory: I agree, but there are people who think we should not interfere with nature
and manipulate “what is natural”.
Lillian: It‟s easier to hold such a narrow view if you‟re not in a position to need the
benefits of the research. If you‟re missing a jawbone because of cancer, you probably support the research.
1. What is the passage mainly about? 2. Who is against stem cell research? 3. What is special about a stem cell?
4. When can a stem cell become another cell type?
5. According to the passage, why do some people oppose stem cell research? Keys: 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.D
Task 2: The Improvement of Rice Script
Scientists now know a lot more about a grain that people have eaten for ten thousand years. (S1) Research teams around the world have completed a map of the (S2) genes of rices. The findings appeared last week in the (S3) journal Nature.
The aim is to speed up the improvement of rice. The scientists (S4) warn that the kinds of rice plants used now have reached the limit of their (S5) productivity. Yet world rice production must (S6) grow by an estimated 30 percent in the next twenty to meet demand. By 2025, as many as 4.6 billion people will depend on rice for (S7) survival. There is a lot of pressure on breeders to improve the crop, and the rice genome is a valuable tool to do that. (S8) Plant breeders have already used preliminary information from the rice genome to create experimental strains of rice that better resist cold and pests.
The researchers also say rice is an excellent choice for genetic mapping and engineering. Rice genes have only about 390 million chemical bases. That maight sound like a lot. But other major food grains have thousands of millions. (S9) The new map could better explain more than just rice. Rice shares a common ancestor with other cereal crops. Because rice is the first cereal crop to be fully analyzed, researchers expect that sufficient knowledge of its genetic information will reveal the heredity of more complex grains, including corn, wheat and barley.
(S10) While significant progress has been made in the analysis of the rice genome, the mapping of human genes is also making headway. When scientists can identify and manipulate genes that cause certain diseases, mankind will cure them easily. The human genetic map may help us control a person‟s height, weight, appearance and even length of life.
Task3: The First Cloned Cat
Script
In the age-old battle of cats and dogs, score one for the cats. Researchers at Texas A&M University recently announced that they have successfully cloned a cat name Rainbow—the first pet ever cloned—after several years of unsuccessful efforts to clone a dog name Missy.
The ork, financed by a company hoping to provide pet-cloning services to wealthy owners, adds cats to a growing list of successfully cloned animals that includes pigs, sheep, cattle and mice.
The success demonstrates cloning is a technology that could be transferred to other animal families as well. The accomplishment may provide new tools for studying diseases such as cats‟ AIDS, a valuable research model for AIDS in humans.
Research into animal cloning remains an important scientific alternative until the issue of human cloning is settled. And that seems unlikly in the immediate future, for it involves religious and moral principles. There are, for example, groups that insist no one should be allowed to take on the role of God the Creator.
To create cloned cat embryos for the experiment, researchers transferred DNA from adult cat cells into egg cells stripped of their own genetic information. Out of 82 attempts with cloned embryos, one attempt resulted in a failed pregnancy, and another yielded a kitten named CC, delivered from a surrogate mother on December 22. The kitten‟s name refers to “Carbon Copy” and “Copycat”, the name of the cloning project.
Cloning attempts with dogs have proven unsuccessful in part because dogs‟reproductive cycles are more complicated.
The technique may also work with endangered cats such as the African wildcat, fishing cat and blackfooted cat.
Ironically, the increased knowledge of cat reproduction may best be suited for developing cat contraceptives to control the U.S. cat population. 1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
1. What did researchers at Texas A&M University recently announce?
2. Which animals are NOT mentioned in the passage as having been cloned?
3. According to the passage, why is human cloning unlikely to happen in the near future?
4. What does the passage say about the pregnancy and birth in cat cloning? Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C
VI. Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Confident enough to control your fate? Script
Some people are born with the belief that they are masters of their own lives. Others feel they are at the mercy of fate. New research shows that part of those feelings are in the genes.
Psychologists have long known that people confident in their ability to control their fates are more likely to adjust well to growing old than those who feel they drift on
the currents of fate.
Two researchers who questioned hundreds of Swedish twins report that such confidence, or lack of it, is partly genetic and partly drawn from experience.
They also found that the belief in blind luck—a conviction that chance plays a big role in life—is something learned in life and has nothing to do with heredity.
The research was conducted by Nancy Pedersen, a professor of psychology at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. The results were recently published in the United States in the Journal of Gerontology.
People who are confident of their ability to control their lives have an “internal locus of control”, and have a better chance of being well adjusted in their old age, said Pedersen. An “external locus of control”,believing that outside forces determine the course of life, has been linked to depression in latter years, she said.
“We are trying to understand what makes people different. What makes some people age slowly and others have a more difficult time?” she said.
The study showed that while people have an inborn tendency toward independence and self-confidence, about 70 percent of this personality trait is affected by a person‟s environment and lifetime experiences.
Pedersen‟s studies, with various collaborators, investigate the aging process by comparing sets of twins, most of whom were separated at an early age.
The subjects were drawn from a list first compiled about 30 years ago, registering all twins born in Sweden since 1886. The complete list, which was extended in 1971, has 95,000 sets of twins.
1. Which of the following is concerned with blind luck?
2. Which of the following is related to an external locus of control?
3. According to the passage, what is true of one‟s inborn tendency towards self-confidence?
4. What subjects were mostly used in Pedersen‟s studies? 5. What is the main idea of the passage?
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D
Task 2: Is it moral to clone humans?
Script
Laura: Did you hear about that peculiar cult that claimed to have created the world‟s
first human clone?
Ian: Yeah, I did! They also said that it was aliens that created life on earth over
25,000 years ago. What are they on?
Laura: I know! It was so obviously just part of an elaborate hoax to bring publicity to
their crazy movement. But I don‟t think the truth can be far off. Scientists have been working on it for years.
Ian: Sure, but most scientists are working on cloning human cells or body parts
that can be used to repair or replace damaged organs. Not complete human beings! That‟s just science fiction!
Laura: Well, the science may seem to be very advanced, but the idea is not a new one.
In A Journey to the West, Sun Wu-kung, the Monkey King, can clone himself from the hairs on his head. He just plucks a few hairs, chews them a bit, and when he spits them out, they change into replicas of him!
Ian: Really? Now that would be cool! You could send your clone to school while
you went to the cinema, and then it could do your homework! Wow! Now that I think of it, it would be kind of fun to have a clone!
Laura: You would say that! Don‟t you think it‟s slightly immoral? I mean, it‟s just
like having a slave. Doesn‟t the clone deserve a life of his own?
Ian: Sure, but human beings must learn to strike a balance between the welfare of
a patient and of a clone.
Keys: 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T
UNIT 9
Ⅱ.Basic Listening Practice 1-5: ACDBA Ⅲ.Listening In Task 1
1-5: CDCAB Task 2
(S1) downtown (S2) loan (S3) security (S4) agreed (S5) against (S6) proceeded (S7)That will be ＄5,000 in principal ,and ＄20.30 in interest, the loan officer said, The woman wrote out a check and started to walk away.
(S9)We are very happy to have had your business and this transition has worked out very nicely, but we are a little puzzled.
(S10)Where else in Manhattan can I park my car for two weeks for only ＄20.30 and expect it to be there when I return?” Task 3
1-5: DBCAD Ⅴ.Let’s Talk
1. the cost of natural resources and the environment
2. high energy consumption and uncontrolled discharge of wastes 3. both the economy and environmental costs.
4. traditional GDP minus the costs of resources and environmental damage. 5. effectively restrict an enterprise‟s impulse to expand
6. the benefit green GDP brings will outweigh the demands imposed on enterprises. 7. introduce the “green GDP” index system 8. the prosperity of future generations
Ⅵ. Further Listening and Speaking Task 1
1-5: CDDAB
Task 2
1-5: FTFTT News Report
(S1)on display (S2)90 percent (S3)largest (S4)city and country (S5)folded (S6)side doors (S7)outdoors (S8)shower(S9)top (S10)ride (S11)cells (S12)innovative
UNIT 10
Ⅱ.Basic Listening Practice 1-5: CADBA Ⅲ.Listening In Task 1
1-5: CACBD Task 2
(S1) roots (S2) what (S3) moral (S4) diligence (S5) sin (S6) teachings (S7) centuries
(S8) Even as children they were taught, \"If it's worth doing at all, it's worth doing well.\" (S9) In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively.
(S10) Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. Task 3
1-5: CADBC Ⅴ.Let’s Talk
1. fairly smoothly
2. many problems 3. transportation, shopping, or interpersonal communication 4. no longer care about your problems 5. foreigners
6. complain about and reject 7. host culture
8. your own language
9. from your home country
10. from home
11. only the good things about your home country 12. more comfortable with the customs of the host country 13. is that much better than another 14. different
15. completely comfortable in your home country 16. become at ease with your home culture
Ⅵ. Further Listening and Speaking Task 1
1-5: CBACD Task 2
1-5: TFTFF News Report
(1) heart (2) introduction (3) delicacy (4) artists (5) painting (6) painstaking (7) 120/one hundred and twenty(8) equivalent (9) witness (10) onlookers (11) followed (12) consuming (13) voiced (14) sense (15) hours (16) delicious mess
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