Words:
interview n. 面谈 v.进行面试，采访 interviewer n.采访者 interviewee n.被采访者crawl vi.爬行, 蠕动, 徐徐行进n.爬行, 蠕动, 缓慢的行进 wheel vt.& vi 推动，拉动cart n.小车，手推车checkout n.付款台
express adj.急速的, 特殊的, 明确的n.快车, 快递, 专使vt.表达, 表示
project n.计划, 方案, 事业, 企业, 工程v.设计, 计划, 投射, 放映, 射出, 发射(导弹等), 凸出
promotion n.促进, 发扬, 提升, 提拔, 晋升 promote v.促进，增进；提升hostility n.敌意, 恶意, 不友善, 敌对, 对抗, 反对 hostile a.敌对的
risk n危险，风险 take a risk 冒险 at the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险 risk v.使遭受···的危险
immune a. 有免疫的，不受影响的，豁免的 immunity n.免疫力，抵抗力
They are always so rude that I’ve almost become immune to it.behavioral a.行为的 behave v.举动，表现 behavior n.行为 stock n.积蓄，储蓄，贮藏quotient n.商数，商
mistreat vt.不公平地对待，虐待
inconvenience n.不便，麻烦，困难 inconvenient a. 不便的 convenience n. convenient a.insult n.侮辱，凌辱 v.侮辱，冒犯
avoid vt.避免, 消除 avoid doing sth. flutter vt.vi 扑动，无规律地跳
Dead leaves fluttered slowly to the ground in the wind.deserve vt.vi 应受···之优/虐待
The proposals deserve serious consideration.
release n.释放;流露;让渡, 豁免, 发行的书, 释放证书vt.释放, 解放, 放弃, 让与, 免除, 发表dodge vt.vi.闪避，躲闪 n.诡计 make a dodge 躲闪 避开genetics n.遗传学，发生学
upbringing n.儿童期的训练和教育
justify v.证明...是正当的 be justified 有道理的，正当的get the best of 获胜，得意take a breath 呼吸，喘口气
lose one’s temper 生气，发脾气
take stock of 对···进行评价、评估和鉴定hold in 抑制
calm down 安静，稳定，沉着well up 涌现，涌出
She felt that tears welled up in her eyes.
to the point 切题，切中要害 （与of连用）达到···程度set off 使···爆发，引爆
put···into motion 使···运行，详述impose on 强加···与某人dwell on 细思，详述
Don’t dwell on the past. Try and be more positive.
keep track of 跟上···的进程或发展，与···保持接触
Don’t Let Anger Get the Best of You 别让怒火击溃你
You’re late for a job interview when traffic slows to a crawl．交通阻塞，车辆缓慢地爬行，你因此而面试迟到；In the supermarket，a customer wheeling a full cart cuts ahead of you in the express checkout line．超市里你排在快速结账口，有个推着满满一车货物的顾客正好插在你前头；You spend months on a project，and your lazy colleague gets the promotion．为一个项目，你耗费了几个月的心血，而结果你那懒惰的同事得到了提升。
Do you feel angry ? 很恼火是吧?Before you lose your temper，take a deep breath and remember this：Anger hurts．在你怒火爆发之前，深吸一口气，记住：怒气伤身。Studies have found that high levels of anger and hostility are related to greater risks of heart disease，poor immune responses，and even a tendency to get fat．一个又一个研究表明，怒火冲天及产生敌对情绪会增加患心脏病几率、免疫系统衰竭，甚至还有发胖的危险。Men with high levels of anger were three times more likely to develop heart disease than the calmer，a Harvard School of Public Health study found．哈佛大众健康研究院的一项研究表明：怒气冲冲的男性得心脏疾病的可能性要比脾气温和的同龄人高出3倍以上!And in women， arguments with spouses raise hormone levels and lower immunity—a real problem， since lower immunity may raise women’s risk of cancer．至于女性，与配偶争吵会增加荷尔蒙分泌而降低免疫力，这是个严重的问题，因为免疫能力降低会加剧女性患癌症的可能性。
It doesn’t seem to matter whether you release the anger or hold it in，experts say．专家指出，发泄或抑制怒气，其后果没什么两样， The effects on your health are the same．两者对健康造成的影响是一样的。“Anger is anger, ”says Redford Williams，M．D．，director of the Behavioral Medicine Research Center at Duke University Medical Center and coauthor of the book Life Skills．“Both are harmful to health．”
“生气就是生气，两者都对健康构成危害。”杜克大学医学院行为药物研究中心主任、《生命的技巧》的合著者医学博士莱德福?威廉姆斯这样说。
The good news is that it is possible to control your anger．乐观的消息是，愤怒可以控制。
“By evaluating (评估)it and using different techniques，you can calm down（平静下来），”Williams says．
“对整件事做出评价，然后，通过使用各种方法，你可以让自己不再生气，”威廉姆斯说，“That’s what’s nice about us humans． We can always do something or not do something to change our behavior．”
“这也是人类的奇妙之处：我们总能做些什么或不做什么来改变行为。”Take Stock对自己进行一次预测或评估
Many people who are angry don’t recognize themselves as angry， according to Knoxville Psychologist Richard Driscoll．
诺克斯维尔的心理学家理查德?杰斯科尔认为，许多发火的人都不承认他们在生气。
He suggests that you ask yourself these questions to measure your anger quotient(生气的程度)：他建议你可以问自己如下几个问题来判断发怒的程度：
Do you feel that you are frequently(时常 )mistreated （被虐待）by others ? 你是否觉得别人经常待你不好?
Do you often consider(考虑 )minor inconveniences to be personal attacks against you ?
problem—solving skills into motion．
比如，你邻居家的垃圾又一次落到了你的院子里，是时候把你解决问题的技巧变为实际行动了Calmly discuss the situation，and look for ways to change it．——和邻居平静地谈一下情况并寻找改变这种情形的办法。
If you can’t do anything about the situation—the rude driver who just cut you off has left the scene ，(注：对比：1.sense n.感官；感觉；见识 ；2. since conj.从…以来) work to put your anger on hold right then（就在那时，adv.） and there．如果你对有些事无能为力——一个粗鲁的司机抢了你的道并扬长而去一要尽量当场就控制住你的怒火。Accept that you can’t do anything about it， take some deep breaths， and move on （继续前进vi.）to something else．
接受你对此毫无办法的事实。做几次深呼吸，将注意力转移到别的地方去。
Don’t Take It Personally不要片面主观
How many times have you said to yourself．“That shouldn’t have happened to me” or “I don’t deserve（vt.应受，值得） that”?
有多少次你对自己说类似“这不应该发生在我身上”或者“我太委屈了”之类的话? Such thinking can easily set off angry feelings．这种想法很容易引爆内心的不快情绪。
But smart people realize that，sometimes，the water-on-the-back-of-a-duck approach is the best way to deal with many of life’s unfair treatments．
不过聪明人知道，生活中总有太多不公平，有时候逆来顺受是最好的处理办法。
是否经常把一些小的不方便看做对你个人的攻击?
Do you complain often ? 你时常抱怨吗?
Do you exaggerate (夸大,vt.)the actions of others or take their insults personally ? 你有没有从主观出发夸大了别人的行为或对你的冒犯?
On the road， do you frequently curse（诅咒）other drivers， to the point that driving has become unpleasant?
在路上驾车时，是否频频咒骂别的司机以至于驾车成了一件很不愉快的事？
Keep a Record保留记录
To get a better sense（感觉）of what makes you mad， keep a journal of situations that make you angry．
如果要更好地了解是什么触怒了你，就准备一本日记，记下你是在那些情况下生气的。Reflect（反省，回顾 ）on why they set you off and make you feel mistreated．再回想一下为什么当时那些事情会激怒你或让你觉得别人待你不公正，Ask yourself honestly whether your anger is justified．诚实地问问自己发火是否有正当理由。
By writing down feelings and situations， you’ll become more aware of （知道）the events （事件,复数形式）that make you angry and maybe even avoid them．
当把这些感受和情形写下时，你会对让你生气的事情了解得更透彻，或许能避免这种事情再度发生。Change or Accept改变或者接受
When you feel anger welling up， take a change-it or accept-it approach．当你开始觉得怒火中烧快要爆发了，采取“改变它”或是“接受它“的策略。
If，for example。your neighbor’s garbage is fluttering into your yard yet again， it’s time to put your
“Many of us have a God-like or little-kid-1ike thought that we shouldn’t be imposed on，defeated, or have things happen to us，”Deffenbacher says．
“我们中有不少人有着神一般的，或者说是像小孩子一样不现实的想法，认为别人不能强加于我们什么，我们不该有挫败感，不能让某些事在我们身上发生，”丹芬班齐博士说。“That’s a high-1evel demand． The fact is that you cannot avoid the unpleasant things that happen to you．”
“那样要求太高了。事实上，总是会有不愉快的事情发生的，躲也躲不掉。”The better able you are to accept that，the less angry you’ll be．你越能接受它们，也就越不会动不动发脾气。
Stop Dwelling on the Past别再沉湎于过去
If you still remember a minor infraction（ n.违犯）long after it happened， it’s time to forget it．如果你对一次已经过去很久的小挫折依然耿耿于怀，是时候释怀了。Life has moved on，and so should you．生活还在继续，你也该向前看。Practice understanding people who have done you minor wrongs．尝试着去理解那些曾对你不公正的人，
Think of the problems as having been caused by the situations，not the people．试想这些问题是由环境造成的，而非人为因素。
If it’s a more serious matter, such as childhood abuse or an unfaithful spouse， consider seeing a doctor to help you work through and release the pain，says a psychologist．
如果情节比较严重，例如儿童时期受到虐待或配偶对你不忠诚，可以考虑去看几次心理医生，让他帮助你解脱痛苦，走出阴影。
Adjust Your Routine调整你的习惯
If you’ve been keeping track（痕迹，轨迹 ） of your anger， you know what sets you off． Use that information（信息） to avoid upsetting（不平 ）situations（情况，情形）．
如果你留意自己发火的过程，你便会知道怒气的源头在哪里，掌握了这点就可以避免碰上这种会让你生气的情形。
For instance， if you know that the grocery store is crowded on weekends， shop after work．例如，你知道食品杂货店到周末往往挤满了人，那就索性平时下班后去购物。By avoiding frustrating（挫折的） situations，you avoid anger．躲过了这种让人烦恼的场面，你也就可以少恼怒一回。
Finally， the ways you react to upsetting（心烦意乱的）situations and express your anger come from a combination of several factors（因素），including genetics，up— bringing（教养），and culture．
最后，你对令人心烦的事物的反应vi及表达怒气的方式都要来自于一些综合因素，如遗传、所受过的教育及文化环境等。
Your response also varies according to your mood and even how tired you are．当然，你的反应也会因心情或疲劳程度的变化而变化。
Fortunately， angry people can learn to become happy people．令人庆幸的是，易怒的人可以学着成为快乐的人。
“We just have this personality type that sometimes gets US into trouble，”williams says.“很多人生来就是这种脾气，有时会让自己陷入麻烦，” 威廉姆斯说，
“You’ll always have that tendency to get angry． But you can probably control it to keep it from damaging your health．”
“这种人就是容易动怒。但或许可以将这种秉性加以控制，以致它不会危害健康。”
Text B
assertively adv. 肯定地，自信地 assertiveness n.肯定，自信conversely adv.相反地，颠倒地
attentive a.注意的，留心的 attention n.注意 analyze vt.分析 analysis n.分析content n.内容
assess vt.评估 assessment n.distract vt.分散（注意力等），使人分心
orientata vt.调整，定···位 orientation n. 目标，目的，兴趣
superior n.长者, 高手, 上级adj.较高的, 上级的, 上好的, 出众的, 高傲的 client n. 顾客，客户 customer n. 顾客personal a 个人的，私人的，亲自的
participant n.参加者，参与者 participate v.参加，参与（in） participation n.参加，参与 （in）
previously adv.原先，以前
objective n.目标, 目的, (显微镜的)(接)物镜, [语法]宾格adj.客观的, [语法]宾格的 refreshment n. 恢复
chitchat n.vi. 闲谈，聊天belief n.信念，相信，信任attitude n.态度，看法pole n. 极，杆，柱fuse n.导火线，导火索brigade n. 对，旅
escalate vi.逐步升高, 逐步增强vt.使逐步上升
aggressive adj.好斗的, 敢作敢为的, 有闯劲的, 侵略性的 tendency n.趋向, 倾向 paramount adj.最高的，至上的plummet vi.垂直下落，骤然下落
inadequate a.不充分的，不充足的 adequate a.充足的cope vi.对付，处理block n. 中断，打断
threaten vt.威胁，有···危险 threat n.badminton n.羽毛球court n.球场
takeover n.接受，接管book vt.预定
view n.观点，看法
latter a. 以后的，后面的
disclosure n.揭示，揭发，透露disclose v.揭露，泄露；公开abuse n.滥用, 虐待, 辱骂, 陋习, 弊端v.滥用, 虐待, 辱骂reflect v.反射, 反映, 表现, 反省, 细想 adjust vt.调整, 调节, 校准, 使适合cope with 对付，处理
follow up 把···探究到底，用继续行动来加强···的效果
refreshment break 茶休
The art of listening
There is no point in 没有必要talking, however assertively,if on one is listening and ,conversely, on point in listening if we are not truly attentive to others, if we are not analyzing the content of their communication and if we are not assessing how their tone of voice, manners, facial expressions and so on, add meaning to
the words they use.如果没有人倾听，无论您如何满怀信心地交谈都没有意义，反之亦然。如果我们根本没有真正关注对方，没有分析对方所传递的内容，没有评估对方的语调、风格、表情等因素怎样添加言辞含义，那么倾听也就没有什么实际意义了。
Think about everyone’s basic rights. How can you show respect for others if you do not give them your full attention--actively listen to them--hearing them out rather than impatiently waiting for your turn to talk. Don’t you expect the same of others—to be listened to and taken seriously? Yet I’m sure you’ll agree that few people have good listening skills. It’s quite easy to become distracted by our own thoughts about what we’re going to do or say next.请考虑一下每个人拥有的基本权利。如果根本没有全神贯注地倾听对方讲话，而是极不耐心地等待时机发表自己的见解，您如何能够表明对他人的尊重呢？难道您就没有与他人同样的期望吗？希望他们能认真地倾听自己讲话。我相信您一定也认为很少有人具备良好的倾听技能。由于一直思考自己下一步行动或者该说什么，我们很容易走神。
One reason for discussing listening here is because of concerns expressed by people attending assertiveness courses, many of whom are helped by improving their listening skills. For example, non-assertive people who are shy often find it
difficult to begin conversations with others, especially on social occasions when they feel they have no aptitude for small talks.我们在这里讨论“倾听”，因为许多参加过自信力培训的人都对“倾听”较感兴趣，非常关心。其中许多人通过提高倾听技能二收益匪浅。例如：缺乏自信的人往往比较害羞，他们常常觉得难于同他人沟通，尤其是在那些他们认为不适宜闲谈的社交场合。
Many people find it relatively easy to communicate on a professional level, on which the content of conversation is technical,technological or business oriented, but have difficulty in stepping from behind their desks and chatting with superiors, co-workers, clients and customers on a more personal level. On training courses participants previously unknown to each other will soon talk together about work-related issues—common objectives—but some keep silent during refreshment breaks where social chitchat is required.许多人发现专业只是交流往往相对容易，因为大家谈论的是技术、科技或商业问题。但是，他们却难于走出工作环境，与上司、同事及客户进行更加个人话的沟通。培训中，原本彼此不相识的受训者迅速开始交流与工作相关的问题，即共同目标，但在课间休息应进行一般社交性的闲谈时，他们却保持沉默。
Concentrating on others—finding out their experiences, beliefs and attitudes—is the way forward. Active listening can really help you know more about them and establish a basis for solid communication.At the other end of the pole are the “hort fuse brigade”, who find that differences of opinion too often escalate into aggressive outbursts. If this is your tendency, you too will benefit from paying more attention to others. Here too, listening is of paramount importance.密切地关注他人，了解他们的经历、信念与态度，这是一种推进交流的方式。积
极倾听真正有助于您深入了解他人，并为有效的沟通奠定基础。另个极端是“脾气暴躁族”，他们发现观点的不同经常渐渐演变成带有攻击性的勃然大怒。如果您性格中具有这种倾向，也会通过更加关注他人而收益无穷。同时注意一点，倾听依然至关重要。
Then there are the non-assertive individuals whose self-confidence plummets when others don’t listen to them. Well, admit it, haven't you ever been made to feel inadequate or bored when others interrupt you in order to express their own views, or change the subject before you’ve finished speaking? How do you cope with people who continually interrupt, or whose topic-hopping makes it virtually impossible for you to maintain a dialogue? How do you stop your boss when he is in full flow, to explain that you unsure of something he has said?某些缺乏自信力的人往往会因为他人没有倾听自己的讲话而失去信心。不防承认这一点，当某些人打断您的讲话、表达他们的观点或在您没有讲完之前就转移了话题时，您是否感到对方比较失礼或讨厌？如何应对那些频繁打断您讲话或不断转变话题，以至让您几乎无法继续讲话的人呢？您如何在经经理滔滔不绝地讲话时打断他，讲明自己对他所说的某些内容还不太清楚呢？
First,let’s examine the situation of those who have a communication block because of a lack of social assertiveness.首先，我们来看看那些因缺乏社交自信力而存在沟通障碍者的困惑所在。
Rule Number One:far better to be a good listener than a person who talks a lot but has nothing to say! Second rule: by watching carefully, listening attentively and questioning skillfully, your attention will be drawn away from your self-consciousness.规则之一：做一名优秀的倾听者远远胜过口若悬河、漫无边际地交
谈！规则二：仔细观察认真倾听和有效地提问，您的专注力将脱离自我意识。If the person with whom you wish to start a conversation is unknown to you, you could always begin with a non-threatening statement to “test the water”—something like,”There are more people here than I expected.” The other’s response and general attitude will show whether he wishes to open communication with you. If you are given the green light, continue by asking questions to establish common ground.Let me give an example:如果并不认识那位您想与之交流的人，您随时可以通过一种不带有任何威胁性的语气来“投石问路”，例如，“想不到来了这么多人！”对方的回答及总体的态度将说明他是否希望与您交谈。如果对方发出了愿意交谈的信号，您就可以通过继续提出其它问题来确定基本氛围，请看下面的例子：
Anxious party-goer: I work with Mike. Are you a friend of his? 急切的社交聚会常客：我是迈克的同事，您一定是他的朋友吧？
Stranger: Yes, we play badminton together.陌生人：对，我们经常在一起打羽毛球。
Still anxious party-goer: That’s interesting; I used to play a lot. Which courts do you use? 依然急切的社交聚会常客：太有趣了，我以前也经常打，你们在哪个场地打球？
Now casual acquaintance: The ones at the Pickstaff Leisure Center at Bratford.一般性的熟人：布拉德福德的皮克斯达夫休闲中心。
More relaxed party-goer: What do think of the Leisure Center?相对放松的社交聚会常客：您觉得那个休闲中心如何？
Acquaintance: I think it’s gone downhill since the latest takeover. We used to
book courts a week in adnance, have a drink afterwards—a good evening out.熟人：我认为那里自从被接管之后已经每况愈下了。以前，我们可以提前一周预定球场，然后去酒吧，这样就可以很轻松地度过一个晚上。
Relaxed party-goer: What’s it like now then?轻松的社交聚会常客：现在那里怎么样了？
Possible new friend: Well, take what happened last week. We had our game as usual and then···潜在的新朋友：嗯，就拿上周说吧，我们像往常一样去打球，之后···
Generally, people like to talk about themselves and their experiences. Listen attentively and you will realize that they also offer free information on which you can build.通常，人们喜欢谈论自己和自己的经历。通过积极倾听，您一定会意识到他们还会提供其它一些您感兴趣的信息。
In the above example, at first the stranger reveals that he plays badminton. Now a person who talks rather than listens could go to bore the new acquaintance with his new experiences of playing the game. Instead he chooses to offer some free information of his own—“I used to play a lot”—which provides the acquaintance with an opening later if he chooses to follow it up. He then gose on to ask, “Which courts do you use”, which shows an interest and invites the acquaintance to give more detail. His next question, “What do you think of the Leisure Center?” further opens up the communication process. Note that he asks “What do you think ···”rather than “What’s the Leisure Center like?” The latter would tell him about the Leisure Center; the former gives information about the acquaintance’s views, opioions, feeling,etc. Thus, relation-ships are
”这样就为对方奠定了继续这个话题的基础。然后，他继续提问：“你们在哪个场
地打球？”这就等于告诉对方自己比较感兴趣并要求对方继续提供一些详细信
息。下一个问题：“您觉得那个休闲中心如何？”进一步启动了沟通程序。注意其
提问方式“您觉得那个休闲中心如何？”而非“那个休闲中心如何？”后面的一句
打羽毛球。这时，急切的社交聚会常客本可积极地向这位刚结识的朋友述说自己
genuine interest in the other person. 在上述例子中，陌生者首先表示自己喜欢
built, not by lengthy self-disclosure, but by listening attentively and showing a
打羽毛球的经历，而不倾听。但他选择了提供某些随意性的信息：“我以前经常打！
对方的关注，双方就建立起了一定的关系基础。
感等信息。这样以来，没有通过长时间的自我介绍，而是通过积极倾听和表明对
将介绍该休闲中心的有关情况。前面的一句则将介绍这位朋友的观点、看法与情
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