江苏省扬州市2018年初中学业水平考试
英 语
(满分：120分 考试时间：100分钟)
一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分)
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。 1. —Who is the lady in red?
—Miss Gao. She teaches ________ English. A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
2. —________ does Joanna take the course in DIY? —Every Saturday afternoon. A. How long
B. How much
C. How soon
D. How often
3. —Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi’an? —________ is OK. It’s up to you. A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. All
4. —I offered Sandy a helping hand. However, she ________ it. —Maybe she can manage herself. A. received
B. returned
C. refused
D. rewarded
5. —Mr. Wu has recommended many books. Have you decided ________ first? —Yes. The Little Prince. A. how to read B. which to read
C. when to read
D. where to read
6. —If I want to be an astronaut, how will I get to be one? —You ________ do well in school and tame your fears. A. may B. can C. must D. could 7. Hawking is no longer with us, ________ he will continue to inspire the world.
A. so
B. if
C. but
D. as
8. The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a ________ bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. A. contribution B. communication C. celebration
D. competition 9. Hi, guys, please write three facts you ________ last term in your project.
A. learned
B. are learning
C. have learned
D. learn
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10. —When will your sister go to England? —She ________ London since four months ago. A. went to
B. has gone to
C. has been to D. has been in 11. We should stop ________ fireworks to reduce pollution. A. getting off B. turning off
C. taking off
D. setting off
12. —What are you watching?
—The Story of China. This part ________ at China Block Printing Museum of Yangzhou in 2014. A. filmed
B. was filmed
C. has filmed
D. is filmed
13. —I can’t afford the white dress.
—What about the orange one? The price is a little ________. A. cheaper
B. higher
C. lower
D. more expensive
14. —You must hand in your report tomorrow. —What? ________ .We can't finish it that quickly. A. No way
B. No problem
C. That's right
D. That's for sure
15. —I’m tired out.
—How can you be manager and accountant at one time? ________ . A. The early bird catches the worm B. Don't put all your eggs in one basket C. Actions speak louder than words
D. Don't burn the candle at both ends
二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分)
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 One afternoon a few months after Tom and I were married, Max walked into the dining room, where I was looking through my old photos.
These months I was learning to let Max come 16 on his own. If I moved too quickly, he ran away. If I was 17 , we often ended up playing, laughing, and recently, even sitting together on the sofa with a book.
“Who’s that?” he pointed to one photo.
“My mom. I suppose she is your 18 Sylvia.” “Cool. Who is that to me?”’
“That was my grandfather. He died a few months ago.” “Hmm. Too bad he had to die.”
Death is always a painful 19 especially for a seven-year-old child who’d lost his
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mother only two years before. I secretly put away the pictures of 20 relatives.
He began to finger through the photos. “Who is that to me?”
Under his finger I could see my own face. I should have known the answer to his 21 question. But I said, “I’m your 22 mom. I’m sorry that your first mom died.”
“What should I call you?” he asked. Mom, I wanted to cry. I held back.
“You can call me Mom or Betsy. 23 feels OK for you.” I waited, expecting a pronouncement of my new 24 . “Sweet,” he said, walking out of the room.
For a couple of days afterward, Max 25 a new title for me. “Can we go bowling?” “Can I watch TV?” he’d ask, and then 26 the questions by mouthing the word Mom. Mom was always 27 .
One weekend, he suddenly said, “I notice I don’t call you Mom.” “I noticed that too.”
“ 28 I say Betsy, I mean Mom. Moms die, you know. I think it’s maybe 29 if you’re just Betsy.”
Tears(眼泪) were filling my eyes. “Hey, Betsy?”
“Yeah,” I said, taking pleasure in the new 30 of my old name. 16. A. down B. near C. close D. back 17. A. kind
B. patient C. helpful D. confident 18. A. grandmother B. mother C. aunt D. cousin 19. A. subject B. speech C. message D. sign 20. A. dead
B. boring C. unknown
D. strict 21. A. simple B. proper C. stupid D. funny 22. A. natural B. past C. only D. second 23. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. That D. Anybody 24. A. position B. name C. title
D. call 25. A. worked out B. turned out
C. carried out D. tried out 26. A. answer B. follow C. confirm D. raise 27. A. alive B. wise C. silent D. lost 28. A. Until
B. Before C. When D. Unless 29. A. politer
B. safer
C. sadder
D. riskier
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30. A. pronunciation B. announcement C. voice D. sound
三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，计30分)
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Think of the animal world, and a group of colorful wild animals will spring to mind: a parrot’s rainbow feathers or the showy scales of sea fish. But, many mammals(哺乳动物) on the planet come in only two colors: black and white. Spend some time exploring what science has discovered about these animals’ appearances, and you’ll see that basic black and white isn’t so basic at all. The panda’s white body helps it hide in snowy areas. The arms and legs are black, helping it hide in forests. The markings on its head are not used to hide, but to communicate. Black ears can act as a warning to enemies. Depending on the species, black skunks(臭鼬) may wear white spots that act as covering or white stripes that signal enemies to be aware of their smelly spray, which causes no real harm to its victims, but it makes them uncomfortable. Zebras’ thin coats make them more vulnerable than long-haired animals to biting flies that carry disease, but the coats stripes prevent flies from landing on them, for reasons that scientists are still studying. Further, their attractiveness to flies increases with stripe width. No two zebras’ stripes are exactly the same. 31. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. The panda’s white parts help it hide against snow.
B. Both white spots and white stripes help skunks kill their victims. C. Zebras with wider stripes are less attractive to flies.
D. Scientists have already known all the secrets about the stripes. 32. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” mean? A. Being easily landed. B. Being easily attracted. C. Being easily discovered.
D. Being easily attacked.
33. Which could be the best title of the passage? A. Why Animal Stripes Come in Different Shapes
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-------------在 --------------------__此____________--------------------__卷号生 _考__ _ _ _ _ _____--------------------___上 _ _ _ __________________--------------------名__答姓__ _ _ _ _____--------------------__题______校学业毕--------------------无--------------------效---------------- B. Why So Many Animals Wear Black-and-White Coats C. How Wild Animals Protect Themselves from Enemies D. How Black and White Become Basic Colors in Animal World
B
I saved the grain carefully and finally had enough to plant. I built a wall around my garden to keep the wild goats away.
Then when my crop bore its fruit, the birds discovered it. The birds were not afraid of
my dog at all. I shot them but as soon as I walked away, they returned. At last, I killed some birds and hung them among the crop, hoping they would serve as the scarecrows, which turned out to be successful. By harvest time, I had nearly two bushels of rice and two and a half bushels of wheat.
With my new grain to store, I found a new problem. The fine grain ran through my baskets. It took me nearly two months to form and dry two ugly pots— one for rice and one for wheat.
Next I formed a clay oven and made some other tools from hard wood and cloth to bake bread. I made and baked bread in my oven. I spent the third year on the island in farming and baking.
Soon after that, I began to think of my days sailing in a tidy boat with Xury. I wished to have a boat and explore the island by sea.
I tried to turn over the ship’s boat that I had seen washed up, but failed. I was still determined to have a boat. So I chose a strong tree and spent weeks cutting it down. Then it took me months to turn it from tree to boat.
When it was time to launch, I realized I had made my boat too far from the nearest stream. The boat was far too heavy for me to move. I tried bringing the water to the boat instead of the boat to the water. I soon saw it would take me twenty years of constant labor.
I celebrated my fourth year on the island with two boats, but I was no closer to a sea journey. —Taken from The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
34. Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________. A. how much rice and wheat I harvested B. how many tools I made to bake bread C. how I protected my crop from the birds D. how I kept the wild goats away from my crop
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35. What does “a new problem” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. How to plant grain. B. How to make pots. C. How to store grain.
D. How to fix the baskets.
36. By the last sentence “I was no closer to a sea journey”, the writer means ________. A. I was getting closer and closer to the sea B. I was getting farther and farther from the sea
C. it was possible for me to have a sea journey in my boats D. it was still impossible for me to explore the island by sea 37. What can we infer(推断) from the passage? A. I managed to turn over the ship’s boat.
B. I spent months bringing the boat to the nearest stream. C. I tried to solve the problems with my courage and wisdom. D. I spent the third year on the island in farming and baking.
C
This spring, the town of Oso saw twice the usual rainfall. When the sun finally shone, LoAnna and Kris’s three older kids ran outside. Inside, LoAnna nursed their four-month-old Kristian. Suddenly LoAnna heard a loud noise. She rushed outside in time to see a half-mile-wide mud and sand thundering down the hill toward them, knocking over hundreds of trees.
Mudslide(泥流)!
LoAnna gathered everyone into the bedroom farthest from the falling hill side and waited.
Kris got a call from LoAnna. He hurriedly drove home.
Highway 530 was covered with thick sand, fallen trees. Kris had to run home.
The mud came up to his knees. Suddenly he heard a woman screaming for help. He pulled through mud, over pieces of houses to the source of the cries.
At first, he saw an arm reaching up through the debris. There, a woman, buried under pieces of walls, furniture, and trees, was holding a baby. Finally, he freed the baby. By this time, other citizens had come.
After saving the woman, Kris moved on. He was still a mile from home. Ahead lay two fallen houses. He heard a moan. Stepping toward the house, Kris nearly killed himself in the mud. An older man was trapped in house debris. He was twice Kris’s weight. He’d have to wait for more help.
Just then, Kris heard another man moaning from the second house. Kris pulled away
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some pieces of the house, but the man was buried too deeply for him.
Hearing helicopter(直升飞机) on the roof, Kris climbed up, met a member of the search-and-rescue team and led him to the first man. Then he headed back and kept digging until he could turn the second man over. After the rest of the team arrived, Kris moved on to find his family.
Kris finally reached home. It was flooded, but the mud had stopped just shy of the house. His truck was gone, as were LoAnna and the others. He checked cars and houses nearby for survivors, then ran to the command center.
Not long after he arrived, he saw his truck coming down the road. LoAnna jumped out. Kris was praised by the Red Cross for his heroics. 38. The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to ________. A. create an unusual setting of the story B. introduce the central idea of the story C. describe a turning point of the story D. review the main character of the story
39. Which of the following is the correct order of the story? a. Kris found a man buried too deeply for him. b. Kris heard a woman screaming for help. c. Kris led a rescue member to save the older man. d. Kris found LoAnna, kids and his truck gone. e. Kris was nearly killed in the mud. A. beacd
B. badec
C. aecbd
D. aedbc
40. Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. Kris saved three persons in all. B. Kris saved the baby by himself. C. Kris pulled the first man out of mud. D. Kris found some survivors near his house.
41. Which sentence best shows the central theme in the text? A. Kris got a call from LoAnna. B. He was still a mile from home. C. He saw his truck coming down the road. D. Kris was praised by the Red Cross for his heroics.
D
“Growing up, Einstein saw his father struggle to support the family and move the family
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for different jobs, Einstein had to move between schools and it was challenging for him to catch up with his new class.”
This story about the struggles(奋斗) of famous scientists can’t be found in your science textbook, but a new study suggested maybe it should be.
In the study, 402 9th-and 10th-grade students from four New York City high schools in low-income areas were divided into three groups. The students read some 800-word stories about Albert Einstein and Marie Curie. The control group read a regular science textbook description about their great achievements. Another group read about the scientists’ personal struggles, like Einstein’s running away from Nazi Germany. The third group read about the scientists’ intellectual struggles, as they tried different experiments—and failed.
As it turned out, the students who had read about scientists’ struggles, whether personal or intellectual, had higher grades than students who had read about achievements. Those who weren’t getting good grades to begin with gained the most. Those in the control group not only didn’t see a grade increase, they had lower grades than the grading before the study began.
“We think that struggle stories showed scientists’ weaknesses,” the researchers write, “which creates a sense of connection between the students and scientists. And that may make it easier for students to see them as role models.”
“When kids think Einstein is a talent who is untouchable, then they believe they will never get there,” said lead researcher Xiaodong Lin-Siegler, PhD.
If we want to educate a future generation of great scientists, we can start by changing the way we talk about the great scientists of the past. An 800-word story about scientists’ failures, not just their achievements, in science textbooks will make it happen. 42. What does the article mainly talk about?
A. Learning about struggles of scientists may help students succeed in science. B. Reading stories of scientists’ achievements will help educate future scientists. C. Science textbooks should describe scientists’ failures instead of their achievements. D. Stories of scientists’ struggles may make students see scientists as being untouchable. 43. From Paragraph 4, we can know that ________. A. those good at science achieved most from this exercise B. the control group had lower grades than the other two groups C. the students’ grades in the control group remained the same D. the students in the third group had the highest grades 44. What’s the main idea for Paragraphs 5 and 6? A. Findings of the study.
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-------------在 _____--------------------__此_________号生-------------------- _考_卷_ _ _ _ _ ________ _ _ --------------------_ __上________________名__姓__ _-------------------- _ _答 __________--------------------__题_校学业毕--------------------无--------------------效---------------- B. Explanations from the researchers. C. Process of the study.
D. Suggestions from the researchers.
45. In the study, which of the following would the third group probably read?
A. Einstein won many awards in his life, including the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics. B. Going to college was hard for Curie because at that time women were not allowed to attend school. So, Curie had to study at secret classes.
C. By the time she reached college, Curie was able to understand five languages that top scientists spoke at that time.
D. Often working hour after hour and day after day, Curie devoted herself to solving challenging problems and learning from her mistakes.
四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分)
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。(每空一词) 46. Cells are the ________ and most basic units of living matter. (small)
47. There is a place in my heart where all nations will live ________ some day. (peace) 48. Tom is thinking about going as a cowboy for the ________ year at Halloween. (five) 49. Dad ________ them to our house and Mum soon had a lunch ready for them. (bring) 50. The librarian was ________ at me and seemed friendly. (smile)
51. Visitors to Yangzhou can enjoy a bite of ________ dishes at Yechun Tea House. (当地的) 52. Ge Garden with an area of 12,000 ________ meters houses over 60 types of bamboo. (平方的)
53. Some valuable jewellery in that shop was ________ last week. (偷)
54. Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics were a group of ________ who created their own style. (艺术家)
55. China ________ has changed our country and impressed the world. (速度)
五、任务型阅读(共10空；每空1分，计10分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。(每空一词)
Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes. Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep. How much sleep do we actually need?
It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night. When
英语试卷 第9页（共28页）
we sleep below six hours per 24, we’re at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain. Can we train ourselves to need less sleep?
As a study in 1964, a 17-year-old boy named Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours. How many people could do anything close to that without dying?
When you are reading this, you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine. Sleep experts often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers: They don’t get behind the wheel thinking they’re probably going to kill someone. Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping?
Coffee can keep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles. So limit coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime. Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality?
A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep. People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above. How to sleep Introduction Not getting enough sleep can influence our health and 56 many mistakes. ●Eight hours of sleep a night is 58 for all of us. How much sleep do ●Sleeping less than six hours a day can 59 the we actually need? risk of health problems. Findings from ●It is 60 to make up the lost sleeping hours 57 during the workweek. researchers Can we train ourselves to need less ●People without enough sleep would insist that sleep? they were 61 , but weren’t doing well at all. Can we drink coffee ●Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to instead of sleeping? sleep 62 ●Drink proper amount of coffee at proper 63 英语试卷 第10页（共28页）
Does a sense of ●A sense of purpose in life is closely 64 purpose connect to with sleep quality. sleep quality? ●People with a greater sense of purpose may sleep 65 六、缺词填空(共10空；每空1分，计10分)
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词) After crossing the river, Dorothy and her friends came to a poppy flower field, with many other colourful flowers next to it.
“How b 66 !” Dorothy said.
“When I have brains, I will probably like them better,” the Scarecrow said. “If I had a heart, I would love them,” added the Tin Woodman.
“I always liked flowers.” the Lion said. “But there are n 67 in the forest so bright as these.”
Soon they found t 68 in the middle of poppies. It is known that when there are many of these flowers together, their strong smell will make anyone breathing it fall asleep, even sleep forever. But Dorothy didn’t k 69 this. Soon Dorothy’s eyes grew so h 70 that she felt she had to sleep. Dorothy fell among the poppies, fast asleep.
“The smell is k 71 us all. If we leave her here, she will die,” said the Lion. “I can h 72 keep my eyes open, and the dog Toto is asleep already.”
“Run fast and get out of here,” said the Scarecrow to the Lion. “We can carry the little girl, but you are too heavy.”
The Lion ran as fast as possible but he fell asleep b 73 he was out of the field. Luckily, the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman were not troubled by the smell. They made a chair with their hands and carried Dorothy t 74 the flowers to the grass far enough from the poppy field. The Tin Woodman built a truck and pulled the Lion with the Scarecrow. The sweet fresh air w 75 Dorothy, Toto and the Lion. Soon they continued their journey.
七、书面表达(计30分)
A. 句子翻译(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)
将下列句子译成英语。
76. 糖果含糖太多，对我们的牙齿有害。
英语试卷 第11页（共28页）
_________________________________________________________________ 77. 总体来说，这个产品满足了大部分顾客的需求。
_________________________________________________________________ 78. 记住，每个人都可以做点对保护环境有益的事情。
_________________________________________________________________
79. 扬州位于江苏中部，以其悠久的历史和文化而闻名。
_________________________________________________________________ 80. 如果在这里建设一个新的机场，许多动物将失去家园。
_________________________________________________________________ B. 写作(计20分)
81. 假如你是李明，你的英国笔友Mike给你发了一封电子邮件，请认真阅读并用英语回复。
Hello Li Ming, I’m going to China as an exchange student this September. I will spend the Mid-Autumn Festival with a Chinese family. Could you tell me: What is the Mid-Autumn Festival? How do you celebrate it? What table manners should I pay attention to when I have dinner with them? Write soon. Mike 要求：1)表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2)须回复所有问题(问题1两点，问题2和问题3各三点)，并适当发挥； 3)词数：100左右(开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 4)不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
Dear Mike,
It’s fantastic that you will come to China and spend the Mid-Autumn Festival with a Chinese family.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Enjoy your stay in China. Li Ming
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2018年江苏省扬州市初中学业水平考试
英语答案解析
一、单项选择 1.【答案】B
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——穿红衣服的那位女士是谁？——高老师。她教我们英语。动词teach是双宾语动词，teach sb. English意为“教某人英语”，用人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，可以说teach sb. English或teach English，但不能说teach one’s English。故选B。 2.【答案】D
【解析】考查特殊疑问词辨析。句意：——乔安娜多久上一次DIY课程？——每周六下午。答语提示问句用how often，提问动作发生的频率，意为“多久一次”。故选D。 3.【答案】A
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——你明天想去哪里，北京还是西安？——两个地方都行。你决定吧。答语＂It’s up to you.＂提示用either，表示“两者中的任何一个”，谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。 4.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——我主动要帮桑迪一把。但她拒绝了。——或许她自己能做成。结合前文“主动提供帮助”，以及下文副词However（然而）表示的转折意义提示用动词refuse，表示“拒绝”。故选C。 5.【答案】B
【解析】考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。句意：——吴老师推荐了很多书。你决定好先读哪一本了吗？——是的。《小王子》。对应前文many用which和动词不定式to read连用，作read的宾语，表示“读哪一本”。故选B。 6.【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——如果我想成为一名宇航员，我如何才能做到？——你必须在学校表现良好，并且克服你的恐惧。答语用情态动词must（必须）说明成为宇航员的条件。故选C。 7.【答案】C
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：霍金不再与我们同在，但他会继续鼓舞全世界。上文“不再与我们同在”和下文“继续鼓舞全世界”提示用连词but表示转折关系。故选C。 8.【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：鹊桥卫星将搭建地球上的控制器与月球遥远侧面的通讯桥梁。下文的between...and...提示用名词communication，表示“通讯；信息交流”。contribution表示“贡献”；celebration 表示“庆祝”；competition表示“竞争”。故选B。 9.【答案】A
7 / 14
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：嗨，朋友们，请在你们的课题中写出上学期你们学到的三个方面。时间状语last term提示定语从句用一般过去时态。故选A。 10.【答案】D
【解析】考查延续性动词与非延续性动词。句意：——你姐姐将什么时候去英国？——她已经在伦敦四个月了。since引导的时间状语提示主句用现在完成时态，谓语动词表示的是延续性的动作或状态，用be in表示“在某地”和since引导的时间状语连用。故选D。 11.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们应当停止燃放烟花来减少污染。get off意为“下（车、船等）”；turn off意为“关闭”；take off意为“起飞；脱下”。fireworks（烟花）提示用动词短语set off与其构成动宾关系，表示“燃放烟花”。故选D。 12.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：——你在看什么？——《中国故事》。这一部分是2014年在扬州中国雕版印刷博物馆拍摄的。主语part和动词film存在被动关系，时间状语in 2014提示谓语动词用过去式。谓语动词应用过去式的被动语态。故选B。 13.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：——我买不起这件白色裙子。——那件橙色的怎么样？价格稍低一些。修饰价格的高、低用high和low；上文“买不起”提示下文推荐价格稍低一些的。故选C。 14.【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——你们必须明天上交报告。——什么？不可能。我们不能那么快完成。答语下文提示用No way（没门；不可能）回答。故选A。 15.【答案】D
【解析】考查英语谚语。句意：——我非常疲惫。——你怎么能同时当经理和会计呢？蜡烛不可两头点（不可过分透支体力）。A项意为“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”；B项意为“不要孤注一掷”；C项意为“事实胜于雄辩”。D项意为“蜡烛不可两头点；精力不可过分耗尽”，和上文意思对应。故选D。 二、完形填空
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述的是新婚不久的作者和年仅7岁的小男孩马克斯——丈夫与已过世的前妻所生之子的生活场景。作者和马克斯的爸爸结婚后一直期待马克斯喊自己妈妈，但马克斯一直不肯喊出妈妈这个称呼。原来在他看来，妈妈会死，他之所以不喊作者妈妈，就是觉得这样作者可能会更安全。 16.【答案】C
【解析】下文“If I moved too...away.”提示用副词close，表示“近地”，符合句意“这几个月我一直在学着让马克斯自己靠近我。”副词near是表示距离上的远近，close可以表示情感方面的“近”；故选C。 17.【答案】B
【解析】承接上文，并根据下文“playing...a book”提示可知用形容词patient，表示“耐心的”，符合句意“如
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果我有耐心，我们经常最后是又闹又笑，最近甚至一起坐在沙发上看书。”故选B。 18.【答案】A
【解析】承接上文作者提及的“My mom”，说明西尔维亚是马克斯的外祖母。故选A。 19.【答案】A
【解析】用subject表示谈论的“话题；主题”，同topic，符合句意“死亡总是一个痛苦的话题，尤其是对一个仅两年前就失去母亲的七岁孩子来说。”speech意为“演讲”；message意为“信息”；sign意为“迹象”。故选A。 20.【答案】A
【解析】对应上文意思，用形容词dead修饰relatives，符合句意“我偷偷地把去世的亲人照片收起来。”boring意为“令人乏味的”；unknown意为“未知的”；strict意为“严格的”。故选A。 21.【答案】A
【解析】根据上文作者介绍“在马克斯的手指下我可以看到自己的脸”可知对作者来说这是一个简单的问题。用simple表示“简单的”。proper意为“合适的”；stupid意为“愚蠢的”；funny意为“滑稽的”。故选A。 22.【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“你的第一个妈妈去世了”，可知作者在告诉孩子“我是你的第二个妈妈。”故选D。 23.【答案】B
【解析】根据上下文可知作者为了不让马克斯为难，让他自己决定怎么称呼她，无论称呼什么都可以。用whatever表示“无论什么”。故选B。 24.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“你可以叫我妈妈或贝琪”可知作者在等着她的新头衔。根据下文“a new title for me”提示也可知。用title表示“头衔”。position意为“职位”；name 意为“名字”；call意为“电话联络；呼唤”。故选C。 25.【答案】D
【解析】用try out表示“尝试”，符合句意“后来的几天，马克斯试图用新头衔称呼我。”work out意为“算出”；turn out意为“证明是，结果是”；carry out意为“执行”。故选D。 26.【答案】B
【解析】在孩子连续的问句之后，用动词follow（跟随），符合句意“在这几个问题后喃喃地想说妈妈这两个字。”故选B。 27.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“喃喃地想说妈妈这两个字，总是没有说出口”可知马克斯此时称呼作者妈妈，还是难以启齿。用silent表示“无声的”和上文意义贯通。alive意为“活着的”；wise意为“明智的”；lost意为“丢失的”。故选C。 28.【答案】C
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【解析】用when引导时间状语从句，符合句意“当我说贝琪的时候，我的意思就是妈妈。”until意为“直到”；before意为“在……之前”；unless意为“除非”。故选C。 29.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“妈妈们会死，你知道的”和下文“如果你只是贝琪的话”，可知用形容词比较级safer，符合句意“如果你只是贝琪的话我想可能会更安全。”politer意为“更礼貌的”；sadder意为“更悲伤的”；riskier意为“更危险的”。故选B。 30.【答案】D
【解析】my old name对应new title，所以of my old name修饰的名词是sound，因为作者现在知道了马克斯称呼自己名字的意义，所以是指此刻喊作者名字的声音。pronunciation 意为“发音”；announcement意为“宣告”；voice意为“嗓音”；sound意为“声音”。故选D 三、阅读理解
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文章。想到动物界，我们就想到色彩斑斓的野生动物。但很多哺乳动物的基础色调是黑白色。文章通过表格列举具体的动物来说明哺乳动物的基本色调黑白色并没有那么简单，它们各有各的特殊作用。 31.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。表格中第一句话“The panda’s white body helps it hide in snowy areas.”和A项意义相符。故选A。 32.【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“比长毛动物更易被携带病菌的苍蝇叮咬”可以推断画线单词vulnerable意为“易受伤害的”，与D项意义最接近。故选D。 33.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要通过具体事例说明，野生动物是怎样利用颜色来保护它们自己，免受敌人伤害的。故选B。
B
【文章大意】文章节选自小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》，主要讲述了鲁滨逊在岛上是如何用自己的智慧和勇气克服重重困难设法生存的。在他到岛上的第四年，他已经造了两艘船，为离开这个岛作准备。 34.【答案】C
【解析】段落大意题。第二段主要说明了鲁滨为了驱赶鸟吃庄稼所做的努力，和C项意义相符。故选C。 35.【答案】C
【解析】名词指代题。根据第三段中“With my new grain to store，I found a new problem.The fine grain ran through my baskets.”可知这个新问题是没有合适的器皿储存粮食。故选C。 36.【答案】D
【解析】句意理解题。承接上文到了第四年时已经造了两艘船，下文but表达的转折意义提示下文的意义是
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“不可能做某事”。故选D。 37.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。通读短文，可知该节选部分主要讲述鲁滨逊是如何利用自己的智慧和勇气克服重重困难，在岛上度过这两年时光的。故选C。
C
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述在泥石流发生之后，Kris是如何积极开展行动，救助受困人员的。最后Kris因他的英雄行为而受到红十字会的赞扬。 38.【答案】A
【解析】综合理解题。综合第一、二两段的段意，以及下文的Kris的英雄行为描述可知第一、二两段是在叙述故事发生的背景是自然灾害——泥石流。故选A。 39.【答案】A
【解析】时间排序题。综合全文可知在Kris跑回家的路上发生的事情顺序为：他听到一名妇女的尖叫；在他去救一个被困在房子废墟里的老人的时候，他差点死在泥泞中；Kris听到又一个男人在另一间房子里呻吟，并且发现那人被埋得太深了；Kris率领一名营救队员去营救老人；当他到家的时候，他发现他的妻子、孩子和卡车都不见了。故选A。 40.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第七段中“Finally,he freed the baby.”可知Kris独自救了这个婴儿。free意为“使自由；解放；释放”。其他选项都与短文提供的信息不符。故选B。 41.【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。短文叙述了Kris不顾自己的生命安危连续救人的故事，所以D项“Kris因他的英勇行为而受到红十字会的赞扬”，最能体现全文的主题。故选D。
D
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。短文以爱因斯坦为例，说明一些科学家奋斗的故事往往不出现在常规的科学课本中。接下来的调查研究发现读科学家成就的故事的学生得分最低，甚至比读这些故事之前得分还要低；读科学家个人奋斗或专业实验失败故事的学生得分很高。这是因为读成就故事的学生都认为那些科学家高不可攀，而读科学家奋斗故事的学生觉得他们和科学家间有种联系，他们可能更容易把科学家当作榜样。所以为了培养未来的科学家，这类故事有可能出现在科学课本中。 42.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。短文围绕把科学家的奋斗故事加入到科学课本中来进行调研和论述，A项符合短文主旨意义。故选A。 43.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The control group..…great achievements.”及第四段中“the students who had read...had read about achievements”可知。故选B。 44.【答案】B
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【解析】段落大意题。第五段和第六段主要是针对研究结果，科学家提出的相关解释，解释了为什么读科学家成就的故事的学生成绩低，为什么读科学家奋斗的故事或专业实验失败的两个组学生成绩高。故选B。 45.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The third group read about the scientists’ intellectual struggles, as they tried different experiments-and failed.”推测可知D项表述吻合。故选D。 四、词汇运用 46.【答案】smallest
【解析】下文“most basic”提示用最高级。 47.【答案】peacefully
【解析】副词peacefully修饰动词live，表示“和平相处”。 48.【答案】fifth
【解析】定冠词the和后面的单数名词year提示用序数词。 49.【答案】brought
【解析】下文and后的had提示并列的谓语动词用一般过去式。. 50.【答案】smiling
【解析】was提示用smiling，构成过去进行时态。 51.【答案】local 52.【答案】square 53.【答案】stolen 54.【答案】artists 55.【答案】Speed 五、任务型阅读
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。睡眠不足不仅影响健康，也会导致交通意外事故和其他失误。专家们从我们实际需要多少睡眠、我们能否训练少睡、喝咖啡能否代替睡眠、目标感与睡眠质量方面说明我们应该怎样拥有好的睡眠。 56.【答案】cause
【解析】根据首段中“not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes”可知用lead to（导致）的同义词cause。 57.【答案】sleep
【解析】根据首段中“Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.”可知用sleep修饰researchers。 58.【答案】necessary
【解析】根据第二段中“It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night.”可知本句中用形容词necessary（必须的）来表达原句中的naturally need。 59.【答案】increase
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【解析】根据第二段中“When we sleep below six hours per 24, we’re at an increased risk of health problems.”可知本句用原文中形容词increased的动词形式increase，位于can后作谓语。 60.【答案】impossible
【解析】根据第二段中“Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.”可知本句中用形容词impossible，表示“不可能的”。 61.【答案】fine
【解析】根据第四段中“When you are reading this, you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine.”可知用形容词fine。 62.【答案】mess/disorder
【解析】根据第五段中“too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles”可知。 63.【答案】time
【解析】根据第五段中“So limit coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime.”可推知句意为“在适当的时间喝适量的咖啡”。故答案为time。 64.【答案】connected
【解析】根据末段中“A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep.”可知目标感和睡眠质量密切相关，构成be connected with，表示“与……相关”。 65.【答案】better
【解析】根据末段中“People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep.”可知用well的比较级better修饰动词sleep。 六、缺词填空
【文章大意】本文是一篇童话故事。文章讲述了Dorothy和她的朋友们先后在大片罂粟花地里吸入罂粟花浓烈的香味后昏迷，被the Scarecrow和 the Tin Woodman（半机械半人怪）搭救的故事。 66.【答案】beautiful 67.【答案】none 68.【答案】themselves 69.【答案】know 70.【答案】heavy 71.【答案】killing 72.【答案】hardly 73.【答案】before 74.【答案】through 75.【答案】woke 七、书面表达 A.
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76.【答案】Sweets have too much sugar in them and are bad for our teeth. 77.【答案】In general, this product satisfies the needs of most customers.
78.【答案】Remember, everyone can do something good to protect the environment. 79.【答案】Yangzhou lies in central Jiangsu, and is famous for its long history and culture. 80.【答案】If a new airport is built here, many animals will lose their homes. B.写作 【答案】
One possible version： Dear Mike, It’s fantastic that you will come to China and spend the Mid-Autumn Festival with a Chinese family. August 15 of the lunar calendar is a traditional festival. This is the middle of the fall of the year, so it is called the Mid-Autumn Festival. On that day, all our families get together and have a big dinner. We also eat moon cakes, enjoy the full moon and guess the riddles written on the lanterns.
As a guest, you must pay enough attention and give proper praise to the host when he/she introduces the dishes. Don’t use your chopsticks to pick a dish in the plate everywhere. You’d better keep quiet when eating and drinking soup. Moreover, it is a custom to give gifts on the Mid-Autumn Festival. So it is necessary to send gifts to important people during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
You’re sure to know more about traditional culture through the festival. Enjoy your stay in China. Li Ming 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。要求回复英国笔友Mike的邮件。此类写作要先仔细阅读邮件的内容，明确要回复的问题，然后根据这些问题谋篇布局，开头结尾和正文部分回答的内容要分清层次。
注意：1.邮件的开端要结合邮件询问的内容来点明写作主题。2.根据叙述需要可以分别采用第一人称和第二人称等；描述中秋节时是陈述事实，句子多采用一般现在时态。3.正文部分可以分为两段，第一段叙述中秋节的相关情况，然后另起一段给对方提出建议，最后一段用祝愿作为结语。4.为使描述更加丰富，句型注意多样性，可以采用It’s...that..., You’d better...,It’s+adj.+to do...,when引导的时间状语从句，祈使句的肯定形式和否定形式等。
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