巩固练习
一、推测词义
下面的练习都来自于高考真题词义猜测题，请判断划线部分的含义
1. When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him. 2. It’s true that lighthouse were built in out-of-the-way place. 3. When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?
4. We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week. 5. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.
6. 4.John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty. 7. In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly(有秩序的) way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil. 8. Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate.
9. Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.
10. He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade. 11. She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.
12. The new couple bought a lot of household appliances, such as washing machine, fridge and microwave oven etc.
13. When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.
14. When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.
15. One of symptoms caused by the peculiar（=strange） illness is a high fever.
16. Because this chemical liquid is highly volatile, we must keep it in a bottle which has a tight lid.
17. “Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.”
The underlined word roughly means ____.
A. encouraged B. compared C. examined D. developed
18. The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a roof over their heads. The phrase “a roof over their heads” most probably means ______. A. a cap B. a car C. a home D. a covering
19. Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming.
The phrase “mopping up” in the paragraph means______.
A. cleaning up B. taking in C. wiping out D. giving out
20. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.
A. work B. study C. name D. interest
21. The ashes of the Great Wall are falling down. I think the Great wall is now like an 80 years old man. In some places it is still standing, but really unless there is some good medicine, most of it 资料来源于网络 仅供免费交流使用
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won’t be standing in the next fifty or one hundred years. A. If people don’t take medicine, the Great Wall will fall down.
B. The Great Wall is like an 80 year-old man, who needs medical care.
C. We must take some measures to protect the Great Wall, or most of the Great Wall will break down in 50 or 100 years
D. The Great Wall is falling down, and it will disappear in the future.
22. The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If you ask your brain to learn, it will learn.
By saying “the brain at any age is highly plastic”, the writer means the brain can be _____. A. used B. mastered C. developed D. researched
23. But it’s a two-way street. I just heard about a thousand Shenzhen office workers who have gone to Bangalore to train in software. Meanwhile, all the Indian IT majors are setting up a strong presence in China.
What does the writer mean by “it’s a two–way street”? A. China and India have different traffic rules.
B. Tea trade works wanders in both India and China C. Chinese products are popular in both China and India D. The exchanges between India and China benefit both 二、完形填空
For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In 1 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 2 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 3 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 4 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency 5 in the actual stuff of language itself-words. Taken individually, words have 6 meaning until they are strung together into phrased, sentences and paragraphs. 7 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 8 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 9 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 10 down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as 11 reads.
To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 12 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 13 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 14 word-by-word reading, regression and sub vocalization, practically impossible. At first 15 is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 16 your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 17 reading skill drastically improved after some training. 18 Charles Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 19 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 20 a lot more reading material in a short period of time.
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1. A. applying 2. A. quickly 3. A. good 4. A. training 5. A. lies 6. A. some 7. A. Fortunately 8. A. reuse 9. A. what 10. A. scales 11. A. some one 12. A. accelerator 13. A. then 14. A. enabling 15. A. meaning 16. A. but 17. A. our 18. A. Look at 19. A. for 20. A. master 三、阅读理解
Scientists studying the impact of climate change on the Arctic need to consider ways to reduce their own carbon footprints(碳排放量), says Ryan Brook, a researcher who regularly flies north to study the health of caribous(驯鹿).He calls on scientists to show leadership by examining and sharing ways to reduce the impact of working in polar regions.
“The importance of the research is not at question here. It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change. But we need to think about better approaches,” says Brook. “This is an issue for all scientists, though polar researchers often travel particularly long distances using commercial air travel. We also rely extensively on small aircraft, icebreakers, and snowmobiles, all of which produce large amounts of carbon.”
Brook studies the health of caribou herds in Nunavut and Northwest Territories. He works with northern wildlife managers. This work typically takes him north five or six times per year and when he calculated his own carbon footprint, he was not happy with the result.
“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident. Basically, I have two footprints — my own personal life, which is moderate, and my research footprint.”
Climate scientists can rightly argue that Arctic research is a specialized field and the community of scientists who travel north is relatively small. Even if all scientists working in the
B. doing B. easily B. curious B. habits B. combines B. a lot B. In fact B. reread B. which B. cuts B. one B. actor B. as B. leading B. nor B. your B. Take B. in B. go over
C. offering C. roughly C. poor C. situations C. touches C. little C. Logically C. rewrite C. that C. slows C. he C. amplifier C. beyond C. making C. or C. their C. Make C. after C. present
D. getting D. decidedly D. urgent D. custom D. involves D. dull
D. Unfortunately D. recite D. if D. measures D. reader D. observer D. than D. indicating D. regression D. for D. such a D. Consider D. before D. get through
B. comprehension C. gist
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north reduced their carbon emissions, it would not make a big impact on the global scale. For Brook, it’s the option that matters.
There are ways researchers can reduce the amount of carbon they use. Some helicopters use less fuel than others. Solar and wind power are alternatives to gas-fired generators. And while carbon offsets(抵消) don’t reduce the amount of carbon emitted, they are an easy first step.
“There aren’t necessarily any easy answers, but we need to start talking about it,” says Brook. “This is particularly important for the next generation of scientists being trained and I hope to see them become leaders in this issue.”
1. The underlined word “It” in Para. 2 refers to ________. A. the research of climate change on the Arctic B. the study of the health of caribous C. the impact of working in polar regions
D. the reduction of polar scientists’ carbon emissions
2. What did Brook find when he calculated his own carbon footprints?
A. His carbon footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident. B. His personal life footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident. C. His research footprints are about the same as his personal life footprints. D. His personal life footprints are more than his research footprints. 3. Brook’s opinion is challenged by the statement that . A. arctic research is very important B. the Arctic is a special environment C. the footprints of Arctic scientists are small D. Brook’s situation is a common phenomenon 4. We can infer from the last paragraph that . A. we should take actions immediately instead of just talking B. it’s easy to start talking about the problem of carbon emissions C. it’s necessary now to pay attention to the problem of research footprints D. the next generation of scientists are more interested in research footprints 5. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. The importance of arctic research is not at question. B. Climate change becomes worse because of arctic research. C. Brook suggests ways of reducing the use of carbon. D. Scientists must look at their own carbon footprints. 四、书面表达
（一）假设你是校学生会和英语社团主席李华，你的外教Smith想请你担任他的助理。但是你考虑到自己身兼数职，无法胜任这一职位，你想推荐你的同学李明担任他的助理。请你用英文给Smith写一封信，说明你的情况并向他推荐李明。 1. 内容完整充实 ，语言连贯通顺；
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2.词数：120～150。
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
（二）假如你是一名高三学生，经常为看电视的事跟妈妈闹意见，今天你跟妈妈达成一致。请根据以下表格的内容，以“An Agreement”为题为《英语广场》写一篇100词左右的英语短文。
母亲 儿子 高三学生学习任务重， 看电视浪费时间 学习一天很疲劳，看电视可以放松一下 儿子自制力差，看电视会影响视力 看电视也可以增长知识，了解国际国内大事，紧跟时代 协议：平时不准我看电视，但在周末允许我看新闻、体育或科普类节目
答案与解析
一、推测词义
1. 不能通行的 2. 偏僻的、不挡道的 3. 想象 4. 夜班 5. 污秽的 6. 节约的 7. 混乱 8. 天生的 9. 复制品 10. 精明的 11. 修剪 12. 家居用品 13. 麻药 14. 波纹 15. 症状 16. 挥发 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. D 二、完形填空
1.D。如果忽视apply 一词后需要用介词for，容易误选A。本句意思是“谁如果想谋得一份差事”。applying需加for,意思是“申请”；B. doing做；C. offering提供此三项均不符题意，只有D. getting(获得)适合。
2. A。如果忽视文章的主题和前后文的关系容易错选B。本句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力，是关系到成败的关键所在，只有quickly与原意吻合。easily容易地；roughly粗略地； decidedly果断地，均与原文内容不符。
3. C。如果忽视unfortunate和下文的poor，容易误选。英语中，阅读速度快的人称为good reader，反之，就是poor reader。根据上下文的内容，多数人都属于poor reader，因此选poor(差的)。其它选项不妥。
4. B。如果忽视错误的阅读方式是养成的习惯，容易误选A。此处的意思是“大多数人早期养成看书慢的习惯”因此选habits习惯；training 训练，培训；situations 形势；custom风俗习惯。
5. A。此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素，即单词”。combines联合；touches接触；involves包括，这三项的词义与原文不符。而lies与in构成搭配，意为“在于”。
6. C。如果忽视上下文 容易误选B。这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些字，它们并没有什么意义”。some有点；A lot许多；dull单调的。此三项不合题意。只有little(很少)是否定词，合乎逻辑。
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7. D。此句意为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良习惯感到遗憾”。如果忽视前后文的逻辑关系容易误选。
8. B。如果弄不清regress一词是“回读”的意思容易误选。此句意为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”因此，选reread重读。reuse再使用；rewrite改写；recite背诵。
9. A。如果忽视句子成分残缺，缺少了read的宾语，容易误选。此处所填的词既是look back over的宾语，又是you have just read的宾语，只有what能充当这种双重成分。
10. C。答案为scales down按比例减少；cuts down削减；此两项不合题意。如果忽视动词搭配，混淆了意思则容易误选。
11. B。本段前文已经出现you，在此选one(泛指人们，我们，你)来代替you。some one无此用法。如果用reader，前面应加定冠词。he不能与该段逻辑一致。如果忽视前后文的逻辑关系容易误选A。
12. A。此句意为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”，因此选accelerator (快读器)。actor演员；amplifier放大器；observer观察者。如果不清楚这几个词的意思或没有仔细阅读下文则容易误选。
13. D。前面的faster决定了应当选than，构成比较级。如果忽视了前文的faster 容易误选C。 14. C。此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾前文内容或者默读”。enabling相当于making possible；leading引导；indicating指出，表明。都不合题意。只有making (使，使得)最合适。如果忽视了前后文的内容联系，搞不清快速阅读器的作用，容易误选A。
15. B。这里的意思是“速读最初会影响理解”，所以选comprehension(理解力)。meaning意义，意思，指词或词组表示的意义；gist大意，要旨 ；regression回顾。如果忽视通读全文，没有把握文章大意容易误选A。
16. A。与前半句中的not only相呼应，构成句式“不仅……，而且……”，只有选but，而nor；or或for均不能构成固定用法。
17. C。本句中的主语是第三人称复数，物主代词必然是their。
18. B。take与后面的for instance构成短语，意为：“以……为例”，其它三项不能构成搭配。 19. D。 这里提到受训之前与受训之后进行比较,对比，因此选before。
20. D。此处意为：在较短时间内，读完众多的材料。master掌握；go over复习；present呈现，展现；此三项均不妥；只有get through (读完)最恰当。 三、阅读理解
1. A。根据“The importance of the research is not at question here. It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change.”可知，it指代the research， the research指the research of climate change on the Arctic。
2. A。根据第5段的“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident. Basically, I have two footprints — my own personal life, which is moderate, and my research footprint”可知，Brook的carbon footprints (personal life footprint + research footprint) 比the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident多。
3. C。根据第六段内容可知，反对者认为即使他们减少了因为研究工作产生的碳，也不会对
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全球产生什么影响，因为进行北极研究的科学家人数相对较少。 4. C。根据最后一段“but we need to start talking about it”可以推断答案。
5. D。本文主要介绍了一位科学家通过关注自己的北极地区研究所产生的二氧化碳问题，提出所有科学家在北极地区工作时都要注意自己产生的碳排放问题。 四、书面表达
（一）Dear Mr. Smith，
I am pleased to have been given the opportunity to be your assistant，but the fact that I am president of the Students' Union and the English Club means I don't have enough time to do the job well. Therefore，I recommend my classmate Li Ming to be your assistant instead.
Li Ming is an excellent choice for the position. He is a very good student and has a good command of English. In his spare time，he often organizes various activities in our school. Furthermore, he is honest, kind and easygoing, and he has a great interest in this position. If accepted, he will try his best to do the job.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
（二）
An Argument
I am a Senior 3 student. I often quarrel with my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. My mother holds the view that students in Senior 3, heavily burdened with their studies, are too busy to spare any time to watch TV. It seems to her that once I am allowed to do that I will not be able to control myself and forget all about my study. She also thinks that it is bad for my eyes to watch TV too often. But I really can’t accept her ideas. I think it is relaxing to watch TV after a day’s hard work. Not only can it set my mind at rest, but it can broaden my horizons. Now we have at last reached an agreement that I can only watch TV at weekends, and the programs should be limited to news, entertainment, sports or science.
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