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大学英语新四级考试写作指导(二)

2023-08-08 来源:钮旅网
大学英语新四级考试写作指导(二)

第一篇:英语写作概说

(一)认真审阅题目,弄清任务要求

审题是写作过程中的第一个环节,但是往往也最容易被忽略,尤其是在水平考试中,绝大多数考生通过考前强化和突击,通过实战模拟对写作题目和类型都已经深度了解,所以审题环节往往在潜意识中完成,不被考生重视。

英语写作的审题环节,一般应当完成两个主要任务。(1) 题目给定的体裁要求是什么?让你写议论文、说明文还是应用文。(2) 题目给定的题材是什么?换句话说就是作文谈论的主要话题是什么—关于饭菜质量的投诉、关于英语考试的利弊、关于家庭轿车带来的麻烦、关于网恋给人的伤害等生活中的热点话题和校园学习的焦点问题。

写作过程中忌讳不审题,更忌讳审错题。好多考生担心自己立场错误,故意揣测考官并迎合考官心理,其实没有必要。但是如果考生误撞,把要求中的议论文,写成了散文故事,那肯定是个大失误;还有如果考生把三段论提纲的任何一点漏写,则一定要遭到扣分。由此可见,审题不怕观点偏差,最怕中心话题走样,文章体裁弄错。

下面以2000年6月份的大学英语四级考试写作题目为例,给大家示范审题过程的具体流程:

1.反复阅读题目,确保理解完整:

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: (1) 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试,理由是 …… (2) 也有人持不同意见, ……

(3) 我的看法和打算

2. 分解题目要点,力求任务明确: (1) 题目是英语口语考试的必要性 (2) 结构要求是汉语给定的提纲(三段论) (3) 长度要求是不少于100个英语单词

(4) 文章的体裁是议论文,重心应当在作者的看法和打算 3. 辨析给定提纲,确定写作重心 (1)正方观点是支持,重心是理由 (2)反方观点是不同意见,重心依然是理由 (3)作者自己的看法和打算,是全文的写作重心

Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?

A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test(CET). Is it necessary to include such a test?

Many people who favor such a test contend that the oral competence of a candidate, in itself, is an indispensable part of his/her integrated language proficiency. A fair oral score will undoubtedly make his/her overall CET-4 scores more convincing and reliable. These people also maintain that an oral test, if properly administered, will certainly boost the ongoing reform of EFL in China. Additionally, they are quite optimistic about the prospect of introducing an oral test to the ever-booming CET-4 exam as both the financial and human resources have improved in recent years.

However, there are still many others who hold the opposite opinion on the grounds that an oral test may add to the candidate’s burden of preparation on the one hand, and provide a new route to wealth for many test-oriented training

organizations on the other. They further their opposition with the argument that an oral test on a large scale is simply impractical, besides mentioning the subjective scores of various examiners.

As far as I am concerned, an oral test as a complement to the present CET-4 is necessary, even if we can only administer it as optional at the moment. Should I pass CET-4 with an excellent score, I would prepare for the challenge of an oral test.

谋篇布局:

本文属于议论文,题材涉及四、六级考试改革这个敏感话题,中心思想是口语考试的必要性。根据要求,考生应当均衡地发展支持与反对两种意见及其理由。从题目所给的提纲来看,第一段应当说明口语考试的必要性,第二段则是不同看法及其理由。第三段表明自己的观点,当然也得有打算,有些考生在这里还是去讲理由,而忽略了自己的打算,这就有没有完成任务的嫌疑,与题目要求有些出入了,所以建议大家认真审题。

重点词汇:

根据题目和提纲要求,推荐下面的词汇和短语在模仿训练时选择使用。

test of spoken English(英语口语测试)与test of written English(书面英语测试)相对。optional component(选择项目或者要素)与compulsory component (必选项目或者要素)favor(支持、赞同) contend(辩论、赞同)oral competence(口语能力)candidate(考生、候选人)indispensable(不可替代的、不可或却的)integrated(综合的、统一的)proficiency(熟练程度、精通)undoubtedly(毫无疑问与with no doubt同义) convincing and reliable(令人信服的而且可靠的)maintain(坚持认为)administered(实施、管理)boost (促进、加速) ongoing reform(正在进行的改革)EFL(English as Foreign Language英语作为外语)additionally(除此之外,再加上)prospect(前景、希望)ever-booming(蒸蒸日上) resources(资源)route

(途径、路径)wealth(财富、财产) test-oriented(应试教育)further(进一步阐明)opposition(反对)on a large scale (大规模地)impractical(不切实际)subjective(主观的)complement(补充、不足)

固定套语:

in itself(自身、本身)用来增强说话的语气if properly administered(如果实施得当)以退为进的让步结构 be quite optimistic about(对…相当乐观)hold the opposite opinion(持不同观点);on the grounds that(由于、因为);on the one hand(一方面)on the other(另一方面)As far as I am concerned(就我而言、就我所知) even if(甚至)

精彩句子:

(1) Many people who favor such a test contend that the oral competence of a candidate, in itself, is an indispensable part of his/her integrated language proficiency. (许多主张口语考试的人认为考生的口语能力本身就是他们综合语言水平的有机组成部分。)其中动词contend (辩论)favor(赞同、支持) be an indispensable of sth (是…的有机部分)都是非常实用的英语表达,学生模仿也比较容易。

(2) there are still many others who hold the opposite opinion on the grounds that an oral test may add to the candidate’s burden of preparation on the one hand, and provide a new route to wealth for many test-oriented training organizations on the other(然而还是有很多人持相反的观点,他们的理由是口语考试可能在一方面增加学生复习准备的负担,另一方面又给一些应试为主的培训机构提供一条新的生财之道。)there +be 句型后面是个定语从句who..,紧随其后的是原因状语从句on the ground that,在状语从句中又有并列的两个谓语may add to… and provide… 这绝对是个长句子, 如果模仿到位,作文高分有望。

(3) Should I pass CET-4 with an excellent score, I would prepare for the challenge of an oral test.(如果我能以优异成绩通过四级考试,我将准备接受口语考试的挑战。)这是一个省略

倒装的句子,表示一种愿望。作为表态用语,学生也应该背诵模仿,以提高写作分。 优秀段落:

Many people who favor such a test contend that the oral competence of a candidate, in itself, is an indispensable part of his/her integrated language proficiency. A fair oral score will undoubtedly make his/her overall CET-4 scores more convincing and reliable. These people also maintain that an oral test, if properly administered, will certainly boost the ongoing reform of EFL in China. Additionally, they are quite optimistic about the prospect of introducing an oral test to the ever-booming CET-4 exam as both the financial and human resources have improved in recent years.

本段文字用来支持口语考试,拓展主题句的方式主要是给原因,由于过渡词使用得当,所以值得背诵,推荐理由如下:

说理论据充分,层次分明,令人读后油然信服,首先是口语成绩可以使四级证书更有说服力,其次是口语测试可以推进外语教学改革,最后是人力和财力资源的积蓄使得口语考试的实施前景光明。

语言运用方面注重词类互换,favor 名词动用,巧妙替换了学生大脑中经常出现的support 这个口水词。contend 和maintain 两个表示认为的同义词,不仅回避了四级考生反复用滥的believe/think这一类口头词汇,也在词性活用方面使文章增色不少。虽然句子不多,但是作者明显注意到句式的变化和长短。全文取词范围较宽,但又紧紧围绕大纲词汇,是值得考生背诵和模仿的优秀段落。

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