Unit 3 Countries and Cities

Unit 3 Countries and Cities

unit 3 countries and cities

【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
第三单元  第一部分
能简单描述不同国家的人口、地理、语言等情况，并进行比较
 
二. 本周教学重点、难点：
1. 描述国家的人口、地理、语言等。
2. “how + adjective”疑问句，及其回答。
3. 形容词的比较级。
 
三. 具体内容：
（一）asking about countries, cities, and languages.
1. —what is the capital of france?
    —it’s paris.
2. —what language do they speak in america?
    —they speak english.
3. —where is the eiffel tower?
    —it’s in france.
4. —what is the country famous for?
    —it’s famous for the silk.
e.g. my country is very large. it has many beautiful lakes, rivers and mountains. most people live in the southern part of the country because it is very cold in the north. the capital of my country is ottawa. my country is called canada.
 
（二）questions with “how + adjective”
1. —how long is the nile river?
    —the nile river is about 6,671 km long.
2. —how high is the great pyramid?
    —the great pyramid is 137 meters high.
3. —how far is beijing from shanghai?
    —it’s about 1000km.
4. —how deep is the grand canyon?
    —it’s about …deep.
 
（三）comparative adjectives
    形容词的原来形式在相比较概念中称做原级，与之比较，“更……的”称作比较级，“最……的”称作最高级。
形容词变成比较级和最高级的构成规则
1. 一般单音节形容词和少数双音节词变成比较级，最高级，分别在词尾加er, est.
情况 变法 例词
一般情况 加er, est tall—taller—tallest
以e结尾时 加r, st large—larger—largest
以“辅音+y”结尾时 变y为i，加er, est happy—happier—happiest
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母时 双写最后的辅音字母，再加er,est big—bigger—biggest
thin—thinner—thinnest
对少数的双音节形容词，变比较级和最高级时也是如此。
e.g. narrow—narrower—narrowest 
simple—simpler—simplest  
clever—cleverer—cleverest
2. 一般双音节及多音节的形容词变比较级和最高级时，都要在前面加more, most.
e.g. useful—more useful—most useful
difficult—more difficult—most difficult
3. 不规则形式。
原级 比较级 最高级
many/much more most
good/well better best
bad worse worst
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
  4. 有一些形容词没有比较级。
    e.g. chinese english, afraid aware alive, east west, right left, wooden golden, square round…
  5. 形容词比较级的用法。