精编优选练(三十二)中华传统文化语篇专题——阅读理解1
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A
There are mainly four great traditional cuisines that are viewed as representatives of Chinese culinary (烹饪的) skills.
Shandong
It is all about local, fresh ingredients and the stars are the seafood, including scallops, prawns, clams, sea cucumbers, and squid. Other commonly used ingredients include maize, peanuts, millet, wheat, oat, and a distinct type of vinegar. Quickfried, stirfried, stewed and braised items are among the more than thirty cooking techniques of Shandong cuisine.
Guangdong
Authentic Cantonese cuisine is among the most adventurous in China in terms of variety of ingredients as the Cantonese are famous, even among the Chinese, for their extremely wide definition of what is considered edible (可食用的). Sauces, like hoisin, oyster sauce, sweet and sour sauce are predominant in Cantonese cuisine which produces light, sweet, tender and crisp dishes.
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Sichuan
Saying Sichuan cuisine is hot and spicy is an understatement. Mouthnumbing (麻嘴的) and sweatinducing, one can easily become addicted to the Sichuan peppercorns and dry peppers. Also sweatinducing but in a different way is the Sichuan (as well as Chongqing) hotpot—perfect for the winter yet beloved by locals in the summer. The uniqueness of its cuisine also resides in its two cooking methods, the drybraising (焖) and the drystewing.
Huaiyang
Considered a subregional style of the Jiangsu region, which also claims Shanghai and Hangzhou cuisine as descendants, Huaiyang cuisine is renowned for the delicateness of the dishes as well as the liberal use of sugar. Chefs of Huaiyang cuisine are more concerned with the presentation of the dishes as opposed to the “large plate contains everything” mentality typical of northern Chinese cuisine. Representative dishes include tofu noodles, Beggar's Chicken, congee, Yangzhou fried rice and braised meatballs.Another standout is the crab soup dumplings.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国四大传统烹饪技术。
1．Which is the characteristic of Sichuan cuisine?
A．The most adventurous.
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B．Quickfried fresh seafood.
C．Sweet，using much sugar.
D．Spicy and mouthnumbing.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的 “Saying Sichuan cuisine is hot and spicy is an understatement. Mouthnumbing(麻嘴的)and sweatinducing, one can easily become addicted to the Sichuan peppercorns and dry peppers.”可知，川菜以麻辣为主。故选D项。
答案：D
2．What's typical of northern Chinese cuisine?
A．Delicate and slightly sweet.
B．The “large pan stirfries everything”．
C．Using a distinct type of vinegar.
D．Sweatinducing for resisting cold.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Chefs of Huaiyang cuisine are more concerned with the presentation of the dishes as opposed to the ‘large plate
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contains everything’ mentality typical of northern Chinese cuisine.”可知，淮扬菜的厨师更关注菜肴的展示，这一点和中国北方的一锅烩烹饪方式相反。所以选B。
答案：B
3．Which of the following is typical of one of the four traditional cuisines?
A．Dry peppers; Beggar's Chicken.
B．Seafood; crisp; sweet and sour.
C．Sea cucumbers; peanuts; wheat.
D．Drybraising; braised meatballs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is all about local，fresh ingredients and the stars are the seafood, including scallops, prawns, clams, sea cucumbers...peanuts, millet, wheat, oat, and a distinct type of vinegar.”可知，C项中的Sea cucumbers，peanuts，wheat全是山东菜的选料，故选C项。
答案：C
B
If you followed the 2016 Olympic Games, you may have noticed that several
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athletes, including US swimmer Michael Phelps, had circular bruises on their bodies. These bruises were the result of “cupping (拔火罐) therapy”， a traditional Chinese medicinal practice that has been around for more than 2,000 years.
Many athletes say that they have benefited from the therapy. Phelps used the therapy in the fall of 2014 and has used it about twice a week since, reported
ABCNews. Another US swimmer, Dana Vollmer, also believes that “it really helps
with blood flow”．
However, some have said that the supposed health effects result from people's feeling that the treatment works, rather than any physical effect of the treatment. To figure out cupping therapy has any physical effect, last year researchers from Germany carried out a test in which a false treatment was provided.
In the study, the same type of cups was used in the real treatment and the false treatment. But in the false treatment, the cups had a hole at the top so that they couldn't create the proper suction (吸力)．
The tested patients, who suffered from a disorder that caused a lot of pain, were told that they would receive either traditional cupping or “soft cupping”. But they were not informed that the socalled “soft cupping” was a false treatment.
It turned out that most patients correctly guessed which kind of cupping they had received. In both groups, patients also experienced about the same reductions in pain. “ The results suggest the effects of cupping therapy might come from factors
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that are not necessarily part of the treatment itself，” the researchers told the Live Science website.
The question of whether cupping therapy works still needs to be answered. “But because the treatment is relatively safe and it could be helpful for some people, the therapy can be used as part of a comprehensive treatment program involving other exercises, nutritional choices and lifestyle changing，” Dr Brent Bauer, director of the US Complementary and Integrative Medicine Program at Mayo Clinic, told Live Science.
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了中国传统医疗方式拔火罐的实际疗效问题。
4．Why is Michael Phelps mentioned in the passage?
A．To give athletes a new way to swim faster.
B．To provide athletes with a new way of treatment.
C．To introduce the topic on cupping therapy.
D．To show swimmers suffer from disorders.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章前两段的整体内容可推知，提到运动员菲尔普斯是为了导入文章的话题，即拔火罐疗法是否有效，故选C。
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答案：C
5．The purpose of the test by researchers from Germany was to ________.
A．promote the health effects of cupping therapy
B．see whether cupping therapy has a physical effect
C．compare traditional cupping with soft cupping
D．compare cupping therapy's effects on different groups of people
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “To figure out cupping therapy has any physical effect，last year researchers from Germany carried out a test in which a false treatment was provided.”可知，实验的目的是验证拔火罐是否真的有效。
答案：B
6.What can be learned from the passage?
A．Different people need different types of cupping therapy.
B．The real treatment and false treatment almost have the same effects.
C．The results show that cupping therapy is not part of the treatment.
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D．Cupping therapy is only effective when used with lifestyle changing.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 “In both groups，patients also experienced about the same reductions in pain.”可知， 实验表明两种不同的拔火罐方法效果是一样的。
答案：B
7．According to Dr Brent Bauer, cupping therapy ________.
A．is a fast and easy treatment for people to carry out
B．is a newly invented way to cure some diseases
C．needs a long period of time to take effect
D．can be used together with other treatments
解析：细节理解题。 根据最后一段中的“But because the treatment is relatively safe and it could be helpful for some people, the therapy can be used as part of a comprehensive treatment program involving other exercises, nutritional choices and lifestyle changing”可知，Dr Brent Bauer认为拔火罐可以和其他方法一起配合治疗。
答案：D
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C
The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.
Setting off firecrackers was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering (爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However，the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.
“In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light firecrackers during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to (屈从于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion，” said Zhou Xing，a folklore researcher.
“As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi，a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang.
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“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with papercuttings. On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow，a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us, ” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei.
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。
8．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A．Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years.
B．Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival.
C．People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits.
D．In the past, setting off fireworks couldn't be seen almost anywhere.
解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段的第一句 “Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。
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答案：D
9．What Li Shunzhi said implies ________.
A．what people do during the festival now is different from the past
B．people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve
C．people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest
D．the New Year holiday is just like any other day
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。
答案：A
10．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival.
B．Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family.
C．Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival.
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D．Zhang Hui lives in the urban area.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside.”和“Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us.”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张惠习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。
答案：B
11．What does the whole passage show?
A．The Spring Festival is as lively as before.
B．The Spring Festival is outdated now.
C．The Spring Festival is losing its qualities.
D．The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象，故选C。
答案：C
D
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Tang Dynasty poets sang for about three centuries in different tones. There were many famous poets living in the Tang period, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin. ThePoemsofTangDynasty edited in the Qing Dynasty is a collection of more than 48,900 poems that were written by over 2,200 poets. But it didn't cover all the poems of the Tang Dynasty.
During the Tang Dynasty, poems were recited when lovers walked under the moonlight. Poems were also recited when soldiers fought on the battlefield. People recited them in the open air or at temple fairs.
Tang Dynasty poets wrote poems to win fame and also to develop their temperament (性情). They poured out deep feelings for their friends and criticized injustice in the world through poems.
In the Tang Dynasty scholars had to be poets. Their readers were not only people of high social position but also common people. Poets recited poems, women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems. This atmosphere affected foreigners who visited the country at that time. As a result, Tang poetry was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.
Tang poetry is a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It's a miracle (奇迹) in the cultural history of mankind. The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire with a vast territory. It inherited (继承) Chinese civilization that went back to ancient times, was combined with the best of other cultures and adopted the
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benefits of other nations in the world. Tang poetry wasn't the only spiritual wealth created by the Tang Dynasty people. Philosophy and religion, handwriting and painting, and music and dance all gained new peaks of development. Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and its greatest achievement.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。通过本文，我们可以更深入地了解唐诗的影响力及其对世界文化的贡献。
12．We can conclude from the passage that ________.
A．only people in the Tang Dynasty created poems
B．in total there were four famous poets in the Tang Dynasty
C．the Tang Dynasty probably existed for about three centuries
D．in the Tang Dynasty most common people were poets
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可推断出C项正确。
答案：C
13．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Why the poets created poems.
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B．Some other kinds of spiritual wealth in the Tang Dynasty.
C．The significance and influence of the Tang Dynasty.
D．The editors of ThePoemsofTangDynasty.
解析：细节理解题。A项在第三段中提到了；B、C两项在最后一段提到了。根据第一段内容可知，文章没有具体交代ThePoemsofTangDynasty 这本书是谁编辑的。故选D项。
答案：D
14．The underlined word “adjacent” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．strong B．neighbouring
C．poor D．rich
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“like Japan and Vietnam” 可推测出，adjacent意为“邻近的”。故B项符合题意。
答案：B
15．What's the best title for the passage?
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A．The Great Tang Dynasty
B．Tang Dynasty Poetry
C．Famous Poets in the Tang Dynasty
D．The Development of the Tang Dynasty
解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了唐诗在当时受欢迎的程度和影响力及对世界文化的贡献。故B项为最佳标题。
答案：B
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