1、Lawyers often make higher _____ for their work than they should. A. bills B. charges C. prices D. costs
【答案】Bcharges.
2、An early typewriter produced letters quickly and neatly; the typist, _____ couldn't see his work on his machine. A. however B. Therefore C. yet D. although 【答案】A however.
3、With the introduction of( )technology,information flows faster than it ever did. A. involved B. complicated C. sophisticated D. complex
【答案】A
4、As soon as the children were _____, their mother got them out of bed and into the bathroom. A. woke B. waken C. wake D. awake
【答案】D awake.
5、With all its advantages,the computer is by no means without its( ). A. boundaries B. limitations C. confinements D. restraints 【答案】B
6、New mineral resources may be discovered during the forthcoming Antarctic _____. A. excursion B. execution C. extraction D. expedition
【答案】D expedition.
7、The government will( )a reform in the educational system. A. initiate B. initial C. initiative D. intimate 【答案】A
8、Prof.Lee’s book will show you( )can be used in other contexts. A. that you have observed B. that how you have observed C. how that you have observed D. how what you have observed 【答案】D
9、We could see that he was trying to _____ his own responsibility for the delay, instead of accepting his fault. A. run over B. smooth over C. pass off D. turn down
【答案】B smooth over.
10、Text1FromWestVirginiatoArizona,public-schoolteachersareinrevolt.Theyaredemandingbetterpay,andtheydeserveit-solongastheirsalariesaretiedtotheirperformance.It'snotthatU.S.teachersareunderpaid;themedianincomeforthecountry'slmillionhigh-schoolteachers,forexample,ismorethan50percenthigherthanthatofthegeneralpopulation.Butrelativetopeerswithsimilarlevelsofeducation,teachersarefallingbehind.In1994,public-schoolteachersmadeonly2percentlessthancollegegraduatesinotherfields;by2015,thegapwas17percent.CutsinstateeducationbudgetshavemadetheproblemWOfse.Inmorethanhalfofthecountry,aftcradjustingforinflation,averageteachersalarieshavedeclinedsincethestartofthecentury.InWestVirginia,wherepayhasdroppedby8.9percentsince2000,teacherswentonstrikeinlateFebruary,forcingIawmakerstopassa5percentpayincreaseforthenextschoolyear,Teachers'unionsinArizona,OklahomaandKentuckyplansimilarwalkoutsiftheirdemandsaren'tmet.Toavoidsuchanoutcome-whichhurtsstudentsthemost-bothsidesneedtocompromise.Teachersshouldn'thavetoworksecondandthirdjobstomakeendsmeet,asmanysaytheydo,eveninstateswithlowarefiercelydefendedbyteachers'uuions.Buttheyreducethefundsavailableforotherpriorities-likeencouragingteacherstorelocatetoruralandlow-incomedistrictsandaddressingshortagesofteachersinSTEMsubjects.Across-the-boardpayincreasesforteachersmaygosomewaytowardimprovingstudentperformance,butnotfarenough.Despiteoppositionfromunions,schooldistrictsinatleast30stateshaveintroducedperformance-basedbonusesforteachers.Inschoolswhereteacherpayistiedtostudentperformance,testscoreshavensenbytheequivalentofthreeadditionalweeksoflearning.Districtswithmeritpayarebetterabletohirestrongentry-levelcandidatesandpreventhigh-
performingteachersfromleaving.Intemationalcomparisonsbearoutabasic,ifself-evident,truth:howwellstudentsperformdependsonhowwellthey'retaught.TheU.S.shouldpayitsteachersmore-andgivethebestonesincentivestoshowhowmuchthey'reworth.22.Theword\"walkouts\"(Para.3)mostprobablymeans A.tactics. B.strikes. C.decisions. D.attacks. 【答案】B
【解析】词汇理解题。解决此类题目的关键：通读对应段落后，仔细分析上下句，找到相对应的表达。单词所在句的上一句讲到西弗吉尼亚州的教师举行了罢工，由画线单词前面的修饰词similar可知，亚利桑那州、俄克拉荷马州和肯塔基州的教师工会计划进行类似的罢工，故B项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项、C项和D项在原文中均没有体现，因此应当排除。
11、He is a very honest official and never _____ any gifts from the people who sought his help. A. accepted B. received C. took up D. excepted
【答案】A accepted
12、Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _____ know where to look. A. virtually B. variously C. unavoidably D. invariably
【答案】D invariably.
13、The government's strong action demonstrated its _____ to crush the rebellion. A. energy B. resistance C. courage D. determination
【答案】D determination.
14、Text 1 Denmark is once again distinguishing itself in the race against food waste-this time,with a supermarket hawking items once destined for the trash bin.Those items might include treats for a holiday that happened last week,a ripped box of comflakes,plain white rice mislabeled as basmati,or anything nearing its expiration date.In other words,perfectly edible items that are nonetheless considered unfit for salc by the retailers and manufacturers who donate them.WeFood is
not the first grocer in Europe to sell surplus food.But unlike so-called\"social supermarkets\"-stores which serve almosL exclusively low-income people-WeFood's offerings are very intentionally aimed at the general public.High-income families will also choose WeFood for its environmental-friendly conception.The store's goods are priced 30 t0 50 percent lower than those in regular supermarkets,according to WeFood.The store has already been a huge success,attracting large numbers of customers.People have lined up before the store's opening every moming since its launch on Monday.But is this food safe to eat?Safety is always the first concern coming up to your mind.Well,the\"sell by\"date you see on many products actually refers to its freshness-not whether or not it's going to do you any harm.In many cases,food that's beyond this date won't be as fresh as it once was but is still perfectly edible.The food might have not yet gone bad when the\"sell by\"date expires.Of course you should still be careful to avoid eating food that's gone off,but you might find you don't have to throw away as much as you think you do.Denmark throws away about 700,000 tons of food every year,according to several estimates.In fact,food waste is a major problem for the whole world.Some 795 million people are undemourished globally,according to the World Food Program.Yet about a third of all food produced in the world-some l.3 billion tons-is wasted each year,according to the United Nations.The cost of global food wastage is about$1 trillion a year.All of the store's proceeds will go to DanChurchAid's work in developing nations like South Sudan and Bangladesh. It can be learned from Paragraph l that a supermarket in Denmark—— A. recycles the wasted food in supermarket B. runs a campaign against food waste
C. donates food to retailers and manufacturers D. reuses mislabeled food in supermarket 【答案】D
【解析】事实细节题。根据定位词定位到第一段。第一段指出丹麦在避免浪费食物方面从各国中脱颖而出，它的一家超市开始出售那些本该扔进垃圾箱的东西。那些东西可能包括上周刚过的一个节日剩下的一些宴飨，外包装破损了的玉米片，标签错贴成印度香米的普通大米，以及任何快到期的食品。只有D项“重新使用超市里贴错标签的食品”最符合原文的意思。【干扰排除】A项，recycles是指旧物利用。在此不存在旧物，而是一些不适合对外销售的食物，所以不正确;B项，文中并未说超市出售被浪费的食品是一项由丹麦发起的反对食物浪费的运动，故B项不正确;C项，原文说的是接受零售商和制造商的捐赠，而非向零售商和制造商捐赠食物，所以不正确。
15、Driving a car without insurance can have _____ consequences. A. uncertain B. disastrous C. Potential D. unworthy
【答案】Bdisastrous.
16、If your knowledge can be in some way( )with my experiences,we are sure to succeed. A. joined B. united
C. connected D. combined 【答案】D
17、There can be no question about the value of a safety program.From a financial standpoint alone,safety pays off.The fewer the injury( ),the better the workman’s insurance rate.This may mean the difference between operating at a profit or at a loss. A. claims B. reports C. declarations D. proclamations 【答案】A
18、Before the Spring Festival,the leaders of the village made house‐to‐house survey,( )in each family about their needs and problems. A. to inquire B. to be inquiring C. inquiring D. inquired 【答案】C
19、Before the Spring Festival,the leaders of the village made house‐to‐house survey,( )in each family about their needs and problems.
A. to inquire B. to be inquiring C. inquiring D. inquired 【答案】C
20、Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the( ). A. consequences B. endings C. results D. outcome 【答案】A
21、Text 2 Britain's flexible labour market was a boon during the economic slump,helping keep joblessness down and then,when the recovery began,allowing employment to rise.Yet one of its bendier bits is causing politicians to fret.Ed Miliband,the leader of the Labour Party,has promised a crackdown on\"zero_hours contracts\"if he wins the next
election.The government has launched a consultation.Zero-hours contracts allow firms to employ workers for as few or as many hours as they need,with no prior notice.In theory,at least,people can refuse work.Fully l.4m jobs were based on these contracts in January 2014,according to a snapshot taken by the Office for National
Statistics.That is just 4%of the total,but the share rises to a quarter
in the hospitality business.The contracts are useful for firms with erratic pattems of demand,such as hotels and restaurants.They have also helped firms to expand during the recovery-allowing them to test new business lines before hiring permanent staff,who would be more costly to make redundant if things went wrong.Flexibility suits some
workers,too.According to'one survey,47%of those employed on zero-hours contracts were content to have no minimum contracted hours.Many of these workers are in full-time education.The ability to tum down work is important to students,who want to revise(or sit in the sun)at this time of year.Pensioners keen for a little extra income can often live with the uncertainty of not having guaranteed hours.Yet that leaves more than a quarter of workers on zero-hours contracts who say they are unhappy with their conditions.Some of this is cyclical.During recessions,a dearth of permanent positions forces people into jobs with no contracted hours even if they do not want them(the govemment has just said that unemployed people who refuse to accept zero-hours contracts could be cut off from benerits).Underemployment is particularly prevalent among these workers,35%of whom would like more hours compared with 12%in other jobs.As the economy recovers,many should be able to renegotiate their contracts or find permanent jobs.But the recovery will not cause unwanted zero hours contracts to disappear.Some workers will never have much negotiating power:they are constrained by geography,family commitments and lack of competition for their skills among a small number of big employers.Zero-hours contracts make it easier for employers to abuse their labour-market power.Some use them to avoid statutory obligations such as sick and maternity pay.Workers are penalised for not being available when requested.And some contracts contain exclusivity clauses which prevent workers from taking
additionaljobs.These can harm other employers as well as workers,and actually reduce labour market flexibility.That,at least,is worth doing away with. According to the text,this flexible working ways can help those people who_____.
A. work in permanent bui want to eam more B. have retired but have no pension C. study in full-time schooling D. have no working experiences 【答案】C
【解析】事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章的第四段，在中间处体现了题目的内容，即The ability to tum downWork is imporlant to students,who want to revise(or sit in the sun)at this time ofyear.(拒绝工作的能力对学生来说非常重要，因为他们想要在每年的这个时候复习功课或者晒太阳。)与这个信息相对应的选项为C项study in full-time schooling“全日制学习的人”，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项在段落中没有体现。B项在段落中虽然有提到，但是文中的含义为渴望得到一点额外的收入的养老金领取者也可以在没有固定工作时间、充满不确定的情况下游刃有余，这项是概念的偷换。D项在文中没有提及，应当排除。
22、When Andrew Chadwick-Jones,a management consultant with Oliver Wyman in London,went to pitch to a private-equity firm late last year,he l.the usual:about 20 minutes and a brisk attitude.He was surprised to find the private-equity people 2 explaining their strategy,3 introductions to senior staff and being more open and friendly.4 money and deals are scarce,they've got to be nicer to all the people they 5 with,in case they might help bring business in future,he says.Rudeness is out,and
civility is the new 6 in an uncertain world.On Wall Street,says a banker,it's now all about charm and openness and taking time with people.Cocky young things StTaight 7 the best business schools have stopped skipping interview appointments,recruiters say,and there is much less 8 people's shoulders at drinks parties,reporis one veteran.Many people,fearful for theirjobs,are trying to burnish their contacts at other firms.The change in tone also 9 an upheaval in the balance of 10 between companies.11 the crisis,says Michel Pretie,head of investment banking at Societe Generale in Paris,he would go and see a senior chief executive with a mergers-and-acquisitions 12,get in for a short 13 and,on the way out,walk past a line of all his competitors.Now,he says,\"You're ushered 14,you get an hour with the CEO and he walks you to your car.\"During this crisis,when there is so much uncertainty about who will end 15 having power,the best 16 is to be civil to everyone,says Adam Galinsky of the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestem University.People have more time to be衔endly when business is 17.Some 18 the new cordiality reflects a 19 that everyone is in the same boat:when some firms have to fire good performers as well as bad,no one is safe.20 ifpeople at different firms are being nicer to each other,things may not be getting any nicer inside companies.7选? A.up B.out of C.out D.on 【答案】B
【解析】语义搭配题。A项(straight)up“直率地;真实地”;B项(straight)out of“来自，取自”;C项(straight)out“直言地，坦率地;毫不犹豫地”;D项(straight)on“一直向前，往前直去”。根据文中句子Cocky young things straight the best business schools have stopped skipping interview appointments，recruiters say(招聘人员说，刚从名牌商学院那些自大的年轻人已经不敢对面试挑三拣四了).可知B项更符合文意，故B项为正确选项。【干扰排除】根据句意，A项、C项、D项均不符合文意，故均排除。
23、[单选题]In January commuters voted Birmingham New Street one of Britain's worst railway stations.Each day nearly 150.000 people move through a structure built for half as many.But by next year it will be transformed.with 400 tonnes of undulating steel cladding and a vaguely eyeball appearance.The station will have\"the wow factor\Albert Bore,the leader of Birmingham city council.It will also show how much attitudes to railway stations have changed.Railxvay stations are the chief exception to the rule that Britain invests too little in infrastructure.Of the I 7 big termini managed by Network Rail,the owner of Britain's tracks,11 are being redeveloped or have recently been completed.Five other stations,including Reading and Northampton,are being spruced up by local councils and Network Rail.Somc simply need to be expanded:the number of train journeys has risen by 35%since 2005.But the design of New Street suggests aspirations well beyond more easeful travel.The building would not look out of place in Dubai and is
striking,if slightly incongruous,in the grey West Midlands.City planners wanted something monumental,like Grand Central station in New York,says Sir Bernard Zissman,chaiman of the independent design paneL\"Twenty or thirty years ago business people were more likely to arrive in a city by car,\"explains Jon Neale of Jones Lang LaSatle,a property specialist.Town
planners duly carved out motorways and roundabouts to entice them.In 1962 a local politician claimed that a new design for
Birmingham,involving an inner ring road,would make it\"one ofthe finest city centres in Europe\".Cities now measure their appeal by their stations.Businesses cluster around them:at King's Cross,a once-grimy part of north London,a postcode has been created for all the new buildings around the station,which was redeveloped in 2013.John Lewis,an upmarket department store,will open in the mall above New Street(which is indeed called\"Grand Central\")along with 60 0ther shops.The council hopes it will pull in visitors to the city.Such ambition recalls the stations ofthe 19th century.Those structures\"spoke to the corporate sensibility of a city,\"says Tristram Hunt,an MP and historian,by combining commerce with the sheen of civic pride.The first New Street station,built in 1851,had the largest single-span roofin the country at the time.It was tom down by enthusiastic 1960s town planners.Now some ofits original lustre may retum. According to Paragraph l,what is the author's attitude towards the future ofBirmingham railway station? A.Critical. B.Suspicious. C.Confident. D.Biased. 【答案】C
【解析】态度方向题。解答此类题目的关键是在对应段落中找到作者态度的标志，在第一段的结尾处用伯明翰市长的话表明了作者的观点，即It w川also show how much attitudes to railway stations have changed.(也会使乘客对火车站
的态度实现360度大转弯。)由此可知，作者的态度是积极的。与这个信息相对应的选项为C项Confident“自信的”，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】剩余的三个选项分别译为：批判的、怀疑的、有偏见的，都不能体现作者的观点，应当排除。 24、We all knew from the very _____ that the plan would fail. A. outcome B. outset C. income D. output 【答案】Boutset. 25、
Text3NASAhashiredairplanemanufacturerLockheedMartintobuilditsnextexperimentalplane,whichisdesignedtoflyfasterthanthespeedofsoundwithoutproducingtheloudsonicboomsthathaveplaguedthetransportationform.Theplaneisduetobedeliveredin2021andwillcostjustshyof$250million.Duringapressconferencehostedbytheagencyduringwhichtheyannouncedthepartnership,LockheedMartinspokespersonDaveRichardsonexplainedthatthenewplanewillbeneitheraprototypeforanewcommercialairplane,norareincamationofprevioussupersonicjets.\"Thisisapurpose-builtexperimentalresearchcraft,\"hesaid.\"Thisaircraftwasdesignedfromacleansheet.\"NASAwillusetheplanetogatherdataabouttheimpactofitslow-boomdesign,whichtheagencyhopeswilladdressthesinglebiggestchallengeofsupersonicflight.Flyingfasterthanthespeedofsoundproducesshockwavesthatresultinaloudboomingsound.\"Theairdoesnotknowthattheairplaneiscoming,\"PeterCoen,aNASAprojectmanagerforsupersonictechnology,explainedduringthepressconference,Becausenoonelikedhearingthatnoise,theFederalAviationAdministration
andsimilarinternationalorganizationsbannedsupersonictraveloverland,Now,NASAthinkstechnologycanbreakthesoundbarrierwithoutbeingquitesoloudaboutit.Thesecretisintheshapeoftheplane.Sonicboomsformbecausetheplane'sflightproducesmanyshockwavesofdifferentstrengthsheadedindifferentdirectionsthatabsorbintoeachothertocreatetwostrongpulsesofpressure.Fromthetestingdonesofar,NASAthinksthenewplane'sdesignsuccessfullydissipatesandweakensthoseshockwaves,keepingthemfromformingthestrongpulsesresponsibleforbooms.Theplanewouldstillproducewhatthey'vedubbed\"sonicthumps,\"butthehopeisthatthosewouldbemucheasiertodealwith.Oncethenewplaneisbuilt,NASAwillrunsurveysonthegroundtoseehowpeoplerespondtothesonicthumps.Then,theagencywillbringthatsurveydatatotheFederalAviationAdministrationanditsintemationalcounterpartsinordertorevisittheruleaboutbreakingthespeedofsoundoverland.\"It'snotaboutmakinganewairplaneforairplanes'sake,althoughIloveairplanes,\"Richardsonsaid.\"It'saboutthedatathatwillbecollected.\"Iftherulechangedoescomethrough,thatcouldkickoffaneweraofcommercialsupersonictravel.31.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,theexperimentalplane A.will need an exact budget of$250 million. B.will be put into service in 2021. C.is designed from an entirely new angle. D.is based on a new commercial purpose. 【答案】C
【解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到文章第一段和第二段。第二段提到这架新飞机既不是新商用飞机的原型，又不是以前超音速飞机的再生，是一种全 新的设计，C项符合文义，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】第一段最后一句提到这架飞机将于2021年交付，费用将略低于2.5亿美元.A项中的exact-词与原文不符;B项中
的putintoseⅣice与deliver意思不符;文章第二段提到新的飞机不是新的商用飞机的原型.D项与原文不符。故均排除。
26、She said she was glad the difficulty had been _____. A. cleared away B. cleared up C. broken away D. broken down 【答案】Bcleared up.
27、He( )having been frightened. A. acknowledged B. confessed C. recognized D. admitted 【答案】A
28、How many of us( ),say,a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested in the discussion? A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. have attended
【答案】C
29、Such changes show that selection and evolution can be controlled,to a certain( ),by man.In fact,changes are continually taking place in all livingthings,and new varieties are constantly developing. A. advantage B. purpose C. effect D. extent 【答案】D
30、When television first began to expand,very few of the people who had becom commentators were able to be equally effective on television.Some of the experienced when they were trying to( )technical. A. turn B. adapt C. alter D. modify 【答案】B
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