2021年福建省宁德市高考英语第三次质检试卷(附详解)

2021年福建省宁德市高考英语第三次质检试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

From the Great Market Hall to the Gellért Hotel and Baths, these architectural notables are must-sees while you're in Hungary. Great Market Hall

Close by the River Danube in Budapest is one of Europe's liveliest 19th-century market halls. Designed by a group of architects led by Samu Petz and completed in 1897， the Great Market Hall has a facade featuring patterned brickwork around a large main window and four smaller ones. At each end of the facade is a small tower. Dohány Street Synagogue

In 1844 the Neolog Jewish community of Pest acquired a site at Dohány Street to build a new synagogue for its community of about 30，000 members and to celebrate their religious festivals. The architect chosen was German-born Ludwig Förster, whose Moorish synagogue in Leopoldtstadt, Vienna, was being built at the time. This building in Budapest measures approximately 173 by 87 feet. Gellért Hotel and Baths

The Gellért Hotel and Baths, completed in 1918， faces Liberty Bridge at the foot of Gellérthegy Hill in Buda. The hill has long been known for its hot springs. Budapest is a city of spas, and the Gellért Hotel and Baths is by far the grandest. Thirteen springs feed thermal pools inside delicately decorated spa baths built in the Magyaros National Romantic style of Ödön Lechner, who influenced a generation of Hungarian architects. 1. What is Dohány Street Synagogue？ ______

A. A street. B. A community. C. A church. D. A hotel.

2. What do we know about Gellért Hotel and Baths？ ______

A. It is famous for spa baths. B. It was designed by Lechner. C. It has thirteen thermal pools. D. It lies at the foot of Liberty Bridge.

3. What do three buildings have in common？ ______

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A. They are of Romantic styles. B. They are located in Budapest.

C. They were built by Hungarian architects. D. They were completed in the19th century.

B

Sophia Gholz is an award-winning children's book author, music lover and magic seeker. Sophia enjoys writing fiction with humor and heart. When writing nonfiction, she pulls on her love of science and her family background in ecology.

Her book, The Boy Who Grew a Forest, shares the true story of Jadav Payeng, a man in India who single- bandedly planted an entire forest over the course of his lifetime. When he was younger, Jadav Payeng was shocked by the destruction of his island home. So he took matters into his own bands and began planting one seed at a time. Jadav's forest is now over 1300 acres and provides a home to many animals, some endangered. Jadav is still planting today and his hard work has now been celebrated around the world.

To write this story, Sophia got to know more about Jadav Payeng and his forest through a documentary film called Forest Man. Influenced by her father, a forest ecologist and a scientist, she grew up learning about the importance of trees and the natural world. When she heard about a man on a mission to reforest an entire island on his own, she was drawn to this story. As for research,most of her research was done online. She read every news article that she could find about Jadav and listened to every interview. Then she reached out to several people who had met or interviewed Jadav as well, including the producer of his short documentary film.

She hopes that The Boy Who Grew a Forest lights a spark in everyone who reads it to go out and care for our beautiful planet. She'd love young readers to be inspired to plant or to learn more about animal habitats,biodiversity and science in general. 4. What is the second paragraph mainly about？ ______

A. A story on how to plant trees. B. Endangered animals in the forest. C. Destruction of Jadav's island home. D. A book introducing a tree-planting hero.

5. What do we know about Jadav Payeng？ ______

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A. He has quit planting recently. B. He is known to many people. C. He was an actor of Forest Man. D. He planted trees with his family.

6. Which words can best describe Jadav Payeng？ ______

A. Humorous and skilled. C. Determined and diligent.

B. Creative and outgoing. D. Controversial and helpful.

7. What's the purpose of writing The Boy Who Grew a Forest？ ______

A. To encourage research on wildlife. B. To describe a boy's farming experience. C. To stress the importance of planting trees. D. To advocate the action to protect the earth.

C

The first wave of a new class of anti-aging drugs have begun human testing. These drugs won't let you live longer but aim to treat specific illnesses by slowing a fundamental process of aging. The drugs are called senolytics- they work by removing certain cells that accumulate as we age. Known as \" senescent\" cells, they can create low-level inflammation （炎症） that prevents normal systems of living cells repair and creates a poisonous environment for neighboring cells. In June, San Francisco - based Unity Biotechnology reported initial results in patients with mild to severe osteoarthritis （关节炎） of the knee. Results from a larger clinical trial are expected in the second half of this year. The company is also developing similar drugs to treat age-related diseases of the eyes and lungs, among other conditions.

Senolytics are now in human tests,along with a number of other promising approaches targeting the biological processes that lie at the root of aging and various diseases. A company called Alkahest injects patients with components found in young people's blood and says it hopes to stop conscious and functional decline in patients suffering from mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The company also has drugs for Parkinson's and dementia in human testing.

And in December,researchers at Drexel University College of Medicine even tried to see if a cream including the immune-suppressing drug could slow aging in human skin.

The tests reflect researchers' expanding efforts to learn if the many diseases associated with

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getting older- such as heart diseases, arthritis, cancer, and dementia- can be dealt with to delay their outbreak.

8. Why do the researchers develop the drugs？ ______

A. To rid inflammation. B. To lengthen people's life. C. To treat age-related diseases. D. To remove cancer cells.

9. What does the underlined word \"senescent\" in paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______

A. Repairing. B. Cycling. C. Aging. D. Dividing.

10. How does the text mainly develop？ ______

A. By listing data. C. By making comparisons.

B. By providing details. D. By analyzing causes.

11. Where is this text most likely from？ ______

A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A magazine.

D

Just as a hungry brain craves（渴望）food, a lonely brain craves people. A new brain study demonstrates this. After being left alone, it shows people's brains would bel activated, at the sight of other people. The action was in the same brain region that speeds up when a hungry person sees food.

Livia Tomova a neuroscientist, who studies how the brain produces mental activities, and her colleagues began this study. They recruited （招募） 40 people. On one day, the participants had to fast - not eat anything at all - for 10 hours. On another day, the same people were placed in a room for 10 hours. They couldn't see anyone. No friends, no family and no social media. They weren't even allowed to check their email. After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a fMRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region.

At the end of each day, the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain. The scientists were interested in two, small areas within it. Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends.

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The midbrain plays an important part in people's motivation to seek food or friends. In fact, it responds to food and social signals even when people aren't hungry or lonely. But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made people's responses specific to the thing they were missing. And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing, the stronger the activity in this part of the brain. Tomova and her colleagues published their results November 23 in Nature Neuroscience.

12. How does Tomova test out the result of the study？ ______

A. By stimulating desire. B. By controlling blood flow. C. By monitoring brain activity. D. By examining mental activities.

13. What do we know about midbrain？ ______

A. It consists of two areas. B. It helps motivate desire for food. C. It stops working when people are full. D. It decreases responses to lost friends.

14. What does the underlined \"it\" in paragraph. 3 refer to？ ______

A. A midbrain area. C. A volunteer.

B. A social activity. D. A hamburger.

15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______

A. Dopamine - a Sure Sign of Age B. Midbrain -a Nest for the Thoughts C. Hunger Makes Mental Health Struggle D. Loneliness Makes Our Brains Need People

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）

According to personal development author and blogger Steve Pavlina,there are supports for self-discipline. （1） ______ . Acceptance

Acceptance means that you look at your life and assess yourself in regards to self-discipline.（2） ______ Do you keep your desk and work environment clean and neat？ Do you get adequate exercise？ Once we get to know ourselves, we can make a proper plan to improve our self-discipline.

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Persistence

Persistence doesn't mean you. have to stick to your goals for decades.（3） ______ . But when you have a clear vision and plan how to get there you must keep pushing hard. Persistence（坚持）will create its own positive cycle. Working hard on your goals,you'll start to see results. These results will give you more motivation to keep working to create more results that will give you even more motivation. Hard work

______ . You might get lucky once in a while but hard work is a must for lasting success. （ 4）

Hard work is a work that challenges you, both physically and mentally. It makes you grow as you constantly push to the limits and expand yourself. Develop bard work and you will improve your self-discipline. Willpower

Willpower allows us to break through our comfort zone and make gradual improvement in our life necessary to change it for the better.（5） ______ . For example,when going on a diet,you manage to stick with it a few days and then you go back to eating the old ways. That's why it's important to use our willpower strategically, setting our environment in a way that requires the least amount of willpower.

A. People also change their goals. B. Let's take a look at some of them. C. It doesn't mean the same as hard work. D. It might be fine with just going with the flow.

E. You must realize that there is no straight path to success. F. It's best to identify your weakest areas and strongest one. G. But the problem is that we only have a limited amount of it. 16. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

17. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

18. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F G. G

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19. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

20. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

When I was a kid, I would ask my mom why she and my father had to work. She would always tell me that they had to, so we could （1） ______ to buy food, to pay for the bills, or to pay for our schooling. Although they were （2） ______ at the office 5 days a week, they still （3） ______ time to look after us and teach us our lessons in the evening. They didn't （4） ______ us to seek after honors, but we were motivated enough to study hard. It was our （5） ______ of repaying our parents who never complained about working.

My parents taught me that one has to work in order to live a good life. They （6） ______ ，however, that this should not be taken as having to （7） ______ just to work! They said that work should not （8） ______ one's whole existence. And this was their life （9） ______ . At the end of the work day, they would leave all their problems （10） ______ to work in the office so that at home they could be devoted to us 100%， no （11） ______ . I must say that I agree with them.

There's nothing wrong with （12） ______ at work. Keep in mind that your （13） ______ is your loved ones, and not your work. Everybody （14） ______ to be happy and I hope that everyone grows old without any （15） ______ in life. 21. A. desire 22. A. cautious 23. A. changed 24. A. permit 25. A. cause 26. A. understood 27. A. dream 28. A. occupy 29. A. quality 30. A. related 31. A. heavier 32. A. joking

B. offer B. busy B. spared B. remind B. trick B. ignored B. tolerate B. threaten B. philosophy B. introduced B. higher B. wandering

C. promise C. tense C. killed C. warn C. way C. stressed C. play C. confirm C. ability C. compared C. sadder C. struggling

D. afford D. comfortable D. increased D. pressure D. habit D. recalled D. live D. prove D. psychology D. applied D. less D. arguing

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33. A. loss 34. A. deserves 35. A. doubt

B. strength B. seems B. regret

C. priority C. fails C. mistake

D. wisdom D. pretends D. hesitation

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

36. During Chinese New Year, money is put inside red envelopes which are then handed out

to（1） ______ （young） generations by their parents, grandparents, relatives, and even close neighbors and friends. At some （2） ______ （ company）， workers may also receive a year-end cash bonus ______ （fold） inside a red envelope. Red envelopes （3）are also popular gifts for birthdays and weddings. Red symbolizes luck and good fortune in Chinese culture. That is （4） ______ red envelopes are used during Chinese New Year （5） ______ other celebratory events.

The receiver of a red envelope at Chinese New Year or on his or her birthday should not open it in front of the ______ . However, the procedure is different at Chinese （6）（ give）weddings, where there is a table at （7） ______ entrance of the wedding reception where guests give their red envelopes to attendants and sign their names on a large scroll. They will（8） ______ （ immediate） open the envelope,count the money inside, and record it on a register next （9） ______ the guests' names.

The money inside a red envelope should always be new and crisp. Folding the money or giving dirty or wrinkled bills is in bad taste. Coins and checks （10） ______ （ avoid）， the former because change is not worth much and the latter because checks are not widely used in Asia.

五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）

37. 假如你是李华，请写一份以\"爱护眼睛\"为主题的倡议书，在学校英语报上发表。内

容包括：

1. 不良的用眼习惯； 2. 爱护眼睛的意义； 3. 提出合理的倡议。 注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students,

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________________ Li Hua

38. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One evening a middle-aged lady was walking down the street when she noticed an old beggar sitting on the corner. The man was elderly, unshaven, and ragged. As he sat there, pedestrians walked by him giving him dirty looks. They clearly wanted nothing to do with him because of who he was - a dirty, homeless man. But when she saw him, the woman was moved to sympathy.

It was very cold that day and the man had his torn coat - more like an old suit coat rather than a warm coal - wrapped around him. She stopped and looked down. \"Sir？\" she asked. \"Are you all right？\"

The man slowly looked up. This was a woman clearly accustomed to the finer things of life. Her coat was new. She looked like that she had never missed a meal in her life. His first thought was that she wanted to make fun of him, like so many others had done before. \"Leave me alone,\" he shouted.

To his amazement, the woman continued standing. She was smiling - her even white teeth displayed in extremely bright rows. \"Are you hungry？\" she asked.

\"No,\" he answered ironically. \"I've just come from dining with the president. Now go away.\"

The woman's smile became even broader. Suddenly the man felt a gentle hand under his arm. \"What are you doing, lady？\" the man asked angrily. \"I said to leave me alone.\" Just then a policeman came up. \"Is there any problem, ma'am？\" he asked.

\"No problem here,officer,\" the woman answered. \"I'm just trying to get this man to his feet. Will you help me？\"

The officer scratched his head. \"That's old Jack. He's been a fixture around here for a couple of years. What do you want with him？\"

\"See that cafeteria over there？\" she asked. \"I'm going to get him something to eat and get him out of the cold for a while.\" 1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

\"Are you crazy, lady？\" the homeless man resisted.___________________ She stared at him carefully. \"Jack, do you remember me？\"_________________

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答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】B

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第三段\" to build a new synagogue for its community \"ny Street Synagogue是一个教堂。A. A street为社区建一个新的犹太教堂。可知，Dohá

街道；B. A community社区；C. A church教堂；D. A hotel旅馆。故答案选C. （2）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句

Budapest is a city of spas, and the Gellért Hotel and Baths is by far the grandest.布达佩斯是rt酒店和浴室是目前为止最宏伟的。可知，而Gellert Hotel and 一个温泉城市，而 Gellé

Baths以温泉浴闻名。故答案选A. （3）B.细节理解题。根据第二段

\" Close by the River Danube in Budapest is one of Europe's liveliest 19th-century market halls.\"布达佩斯多瑙河附近是欧洲19世纪最热闹的集市之一，第三段最后一句\"This building in Budapet...\"布达佩特的这栋建筑，最后一段

Budapest is a city of spas, and the Gellért Hotel and Baths is by far the grandest. 布达佩斯是rt 酒店和浴室是目前为止最宏伟的。可知这三个建筑共同点是一个温泉城市，而Gellé都位于布达佩斯。故答案选B.

本文属于应用文阅读。主要介绍了三个建筑。这些建筑是您在匈牙利的必看之地。 阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。

其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4.【答案】

【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】D

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【解析】（1）D. 段落大意题。根据第二

段 Her book, The Boy Who Grew a Forest, shares the true story of Jadav Payeng, a man in India who single- bandedly planted an entire forest over the course of his lifetime. When he was younger, Jadav Payeng was shocked by the destruction of his island home. So he took matters into his own bands and began planting one seed at a time. Jadav's forest is now over 1300 acres and provides a home to many animals, some endangered. Jadav is still planting today and his hard work has now been celebrated around the world.她的书《种了一片森林的男孩》讲述了贾达夫•佩昂（JadavPayeng）的真实故事，他是一个印度男人，一生只种了一整片森林。年轻时，Jadav Payeng对他在岛上的家被摧毁感到震惊。所以他把事情纳入自己的范围，开始一次种下一粒种子。贾达夫的森林现在超过1300英亩，为许多动物提供了家园，其中一些濒临灭绝。贾达夫今天仍然在种植，他的辛勤工作现在已经在世界各地闻名。可知，第二段主要讲的是一本介绍植树英雄的书。故选D. （2）B. 细节理解题。根据第二段的

Jadav is still planting today and his hard work has now been celebrated around the world.贾达夫今天仍然在种植，他的辛勤工作现在已经在世界各地闻名。可知，很多人都熟知贾达夫•佩昂。故选B.

（3）C. 推理判断题。根据第二段

的 a man in India who single- bandedly planted an entire forest over the course of his lifetime.（一个印度男人，一生只种了一整片森林）和

Jadav's forest is now over 1300 acres and provides a home to many animals （贾达夫的森林现在超过1300英亩，为许多动物提供了家园）可知他一生坚持植树是有决心的；根据Jadav is still planting today and his hard work has now been celebrated around the world.（贾达夫今天仍然在种植，他的辛勤工作现在已经在世界各地闻名）可知他是勤奋的。A. Humorous and skilled.幽默而熟练的；B. Creative and outgoing.富有创造力且性格开朗的；C. Determined and diligent.有决心和勤奋的；D. Controversial and helpful.有争议和帮助的。故选C.

（4）D. 目的意图题。根据最后一段

She hopes that The Boy Who Grew a Forest lights a spark in everyone who reads it to go out and care for our beautiful planet. She'd love young readers to be inspired to plant or to learn more about animal habitats,biodiversity and science in general.她希望《种了一片森林的男孩》能点燃每个读过它的人的火花，让他们走出去，关心我们美丽的星球。她希望年轻的读者能受到启发，去种植或了解更多关于动物栖息地、生物多样性和科学的知识。可

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知，写《种了一片森林的男孩》的目的是倡导保护地球的行动。故选D.

本文是记叙文，主要介绍了作家索菲亚•古尔兹的写作风格和她的书《种了一片森林的男孩》。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8.【答案】

【小题1】C 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】D

C.细节理解题。【解析】（1）根据原文第一段\" These drugs won't let you live longer but aim to treat specific illnesses by slowing a fundamental process of aging.这些药物不会让你活得更久，但目的是通过减缓基本衰老过程来治疗特定疾病。\"可知是为了治疗老年疾病。C. To treat age-related diseases.（治疗老年性疾病）正确。故选C.

（2）C.词义猜测题。根据原文第二段\" The drugs are called senolytics- they work by removing certain cells that accumulate as we age. Known as \"senescent\" cells, they can create low-level inflammation that prevents normal systems of living cells repair and creates （炎症）a poisonous environment for neighboring cells.这些药物被称为衰老解药--它们通过清除某些随着我们年龄增长而积累的细胞发挥作用。它们被称为\"衰老\"细胞，可以产生低水平的炎症，阻止活细胞的正常系统修复，并为邻近细胞创造一个有毒的环境。\"结合上下文可知划线处为\"衰老的\"之意。A. Repairing.修理；B. Cycling.循环；C. Aging.老化；D. Dividing.分裂。故选C.

（3）B.推理判断题。根据原文第二段\"Known as \"senescent\" cells, they can create low-level inflammation that prevents normal systems of living cells repair and creates a poisonous environment for neighboring cells.它们被称为\"衰老\"细胞，可以产生低水平的炎症，阻止活细胞的正常系统修复，并为邻近细胞创造一个有毒的环境。\"以及第三段\"In June, San Francisco - based Unity Biotechnology reported initial results in patients with mild to severe osteoarthritis （关节炎） of the knee. Results from a larger clinical trial are expected in the second half of this year. The company is also developing similar drugs to treat age-related diseases of the eyes and lungs, among other conditions.今年6月，总部位于旧金山的Unity生物技术公司报告了轻度至重度膝关节骨关节炎患者的初步结果。一项更大规模的临床试验预计将于今年下半年公布结果。该公司还在开发类似药物，用于治疗与年龄相关的

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眼部和肺部疾病以及其他疾病。\"及第五段\"A company called Alkahest injects patients with components found in young people's blood and says it hopes to stop conscious and functional decline in patients suffering from mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. 一家名为Alkahest的公司向患者注射在年轻人血液中发现的成分，并表示希望阻止轻度至中度阿尔茨海默氏症患者的意识和功能下降。该公司还在人体试验中有治疗帕金森氏症和痴呆症的药物。\"可知文章通过各种相应疾病的详细细节介绍给读者。A. By listing data.通过例举数据；B. By providing details.通过给出细节；C. By making comparisons.通过比较；D. By analyzing causes.通过分析原因。故选B.

（4）D.文章出处题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了一些可以治疗老年性疾病的研究及产品，因此推断来自于科学类杂志。A. A diary.一本日记；B. A guidebook.一册指南；C. A novel.一本小说；D. A magazine.一本杂志。故选D.

文章是一篇说明文。在这篇文章中介绍了一些可以治疗老年性疾病的研究及产品。 做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12.【答案】

【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】B 【小题4】D

C. 细节理解题。【解析】（1）根据原文第二段\" It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region.它通过追踪流向每个区域的血液量来显示大脑的活动。\"可知Tomova是通过监测大脑活动测试研究结果的。故选C.

（2）B. 推理判断题。根据原文第三段\"Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers.当饥饿的参与者看到可口的比萨饼或多汁的汉堡包的图片时，这两个区域被激活。\"可知中脑有助于激发对食物的渴望。故选B. （3）B. 代词指代题。根据\"it\"所在段

\"After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends.当志愿者被隔离后，当他们看到自己错过的社交活动时，这些大脑区域就会变得活跃起来，可能是运动或和朋友聊天。\"可知第三段段落中带下划线的\"it\"表示\"社交活动\"。A. A midbrain area中脑B. A social activity社交活动；C. A volunteer志愿者；D. A hamburger一个汉堡包。区域；故选B.

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（4）D. 标题归纳题。本文介绍了一项新的大脑研究：就像饥饿的大脑渴望食物，孤独的大脑渴望人。科学家通过实验证实了这一点。可知这篇文章最好的标题是孤独使我们的大脑需要人。故选D.

本文介绍了一项新的大脑研究：就像饥饿的大脑渴望食物，孤独的大脑渴望人。科学家通过实验证实了这一点。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16.【答案】

【小题1】B 【小题2】F 【小题3】A 【小题4】E 【小题5】G

【解析】（1）B. 推理判断题。根据上一句

\"According to personal development author and blogger Steve Pavlina,there are supports for self-discipline.根据个人发展作家兼博主史蒂夫•帕夫林纳的说法，自律是有支持的。 \"可知此处说的是自律是有支持的。所以\"B. Let's take a look at some of them.我们来看看其中的一些。\"符合上下文语境。故选B.

（2）F. 推理判断题。根据上一句\"接受意味着你审视自己的生活，并评估自己的自律。\"可知此处说的是评估自己的自律。所以

\"F. It's best to identify your weakest areas and strongest one.最好找出你最薄弱的领域和最强大的领域。\"符合上下文语境。故选F.

（3）A. 推理判断题。根据上一句\"坚持并不意味着你必须坚持你的目标几十年。\"可知此处说的是并不是你必须坚持你的目标几十年。所以\"A. People also change their goals.人们也会改变他们的目标。\"符合上下文语境。故选A.

（4）E. 推理判断题。根据下一句\"你可能偶尔会幸运一次，但努力工作是持久成功的必要条件。\"可知此处说的是努力工作是持久成功的必要条件。所以

\"E. You must realize that there is no straight path to success你必须认识到，没有一条通向成功的捷径。\"符合上下文语境。故选E. （5）G. 细节理解题。根据上一句

\"For example,when going on a diet,you manage to stick with it a few days and then you go back to eating the old ways. 例如，在节食时，你设法坚持几天，然后又回到原来的饮食方式。\"可知此处说的是我们的意志力不强大。所以

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\"G. But the problem is that we only have a limited amount of it.但问题是我们只有有限的数量。\"符合上下文语境。故选G.

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了我们如何自律。 技巧

①通读全文，了解文章大意；

②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系； ③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；

④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。

21.【答案】

【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】B 【小题4】D 【小题5】C 【小题6】C 【小题7】D 【小题8】A 【小题9】B 【小题10】A 【小题11】D 【小题12】C 【小题13】C 【小题14】A 【小题15】B

【解析】（1）D. 考查动词及语境理解。A. desire 要求；B. offer提供； C. promise 承诺；D. afford担负。根据后文to buy food, to pay for the bills, or to pay for our schooling.可知去工作是为了担负起这些东西。所以选D.

（2）B . 考查形容词及语境理解。A. cautious 谨慎的；B. busy繁忙的； C. tense 紧张的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据后文at the office 5 days a week,可知他们的工作很忙。所以选B.

B. 考查动词及语境理解。A. changed改变； B. spared 节省；C. killed 杀；D. increased（3）

增加。根据前文一个星期要在办公室呆五天，和后文

to look after us and teach us our lessons in the evening。可见这个时间应该是节省出来的，所以选B.

D. 考查动词及语境理解。A. permit 许可；B. remind 提醒；C. warn 警告；D. pressure（4）

施加压力。根据后文seek after honors, but we were motivated enough to study hard. 可见是没有给我们追求荣誉的压力。所以选D.

（5）C . 考查名词及语境理解。A. cause原由； B. trick 伎俩；C. way 道路，方法；D. habit习惯。根据 后文repaying our parents who never complained about working.可见这是我们的路子。所以选C.

C . 考查动词及语境理解。A. understood理解； B. ignored忽略； C. stressed强调； （6）

D. recalled回忆起。 just to work!。根据后文 that this should not be taken as having to （7）第15页，共20页

可见这是父母强调的内容，所以选C.

（7）D . 考查动词及语境理解。A. dream 做梦；B. tolerate容忍； C. play表演； D. live生活，居住。句意：不应该认为这只是为了工作！根据后文

They said that work should not （8） one's whole existence.可见不应该认为这只是为了工作！所以选D.

（8）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A. occupy 占据；B. threaten恐吓； C. confirm确定； D. prove证明。句意：他们说工作不应该占据一个人的全部存在。根据父母的观点，工作不应该占据一个人的全部存在。所以选A.

（9）B. 考查名词及语境理解。A. quality质量； B. philosophy 哲学；C. ability 能力；D. psychology心理学。根据语境这是父母的生活哲学。所以选B.

（10）A . 考查动词及语境理解。A. related使有联系； B. introduced介绍； C. compared比较； D. applied申请。根据后文so that at home they could be devoted to us 100%。可见他们会把所有与工作有关的问题都留在办公室里。所以选A.

（11）D. 考查形容词及语境理解。A. heavier 更重的；B. higher更高的； C. sadder更难过的； D. less更少的。根据前文so that at home they could be devoted to us 100%，可见不是少，所以选D.

（12）C. 考查动词及语境理解。A. joking 开玩笑；B. wandering想知道； C. struggling斗争； D. arguing争论。句意：努力工作是没有错的。 后文

Keep in mind that your （13） is your loved ones,可见努力工作是没错的，所以选C. （13）C. 考查名词及语境理解。A. loss损失； B. strength 力量；C. priority优先事件； D. wisdom智慧。根据后文your loved ones, and not your work. 可见要记住的是优先事件。所以选C.

A . 考查动词及语境理解。A. deserves 值得，B. seems 好像；C. fails 失败；（14）应受；D. pretends假装。根据后文and I hope that everyone grows old without any （15） in life.可见大家应该都很高兴，所以选.A

（15）B . 考查名词及语境理解。A. doubt 怀疑；B. regret 后悔；C. mistake 错误；D. hesitation犹豫。根据语境可知应该是生长到老而没有遗憾。所以选B.

作者写了父母教给自己的生活的哲学，努力工作和陪伴亲人的重要性，不能因为工作而留下遗憾。

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意

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思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】younger

【小题2】companies 【小题3】folded 【小题4】why 【小题5】and 【小题6】giver 【小题7】the 【小题8】immediately 【小题9】to

【小题10】are avoided

【解析】（1）younger.考查比较级。句意：在中国新年期间，钱被放进红包里，然后由他们的父母、祖父母、亲戚，甚至近邻和朋友分发给年轻一代。结合句意，此处表示比their parents, grandparents, relatives年轻的一代，故用形容词的比较级，故填younger. （2）companies.考查名词。句意：在一些公司，员工还可以得到一个包在红包里的年终现金奖金。company为可数名词，前有some修饰，用名词的复数形式，故填companies. （3）folded.考查过去分词。句意：在一些公司，员工还可以得到一个包在红包里的年终现金奖金。分析句子可知，该空为非谓语动词作后置定语，bonus与fold之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填folded.

（4）why.考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么在中国新年和其他庆祝活动中使用红包的原因。分析句子可知，（4）red envelopes are used during Chinese New Year （5）other celebratory events为表语从句，该空在表语从句中作原因状语，表示\"...的原因\"，故填why.

（5）and.考查连词。句意：这就是为什么在中国新年和其他庆祝活动中使用红包的原因。结合句意可知，Chinese New Year与other celebratory events为并列关系，故填and. giver.考查名词。（6）句意：收到红包的人在春节或生日时不应在送礼人面前打开红包。分析句子可知，该空作介词of的宾语，名词作宾语，意为\"送礼的人\"，故填giver. （7）the.考查冠词。句意：不过，中国婚礼的程序不同，在婚宴入口处有一张桌子，客人将红包交给服务员，并在大卷轴上签名。结合句意，此处特指\"婚宴的入口\"，用定冠词，故填the.

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（8）immediately .考查副词。句意：他们会立即打开信封，清点里面的钱，并把钱记在登记簿上客人名字旁边。分析句子可知，该空修饰动词open,副词修饰动词，故填immediately.

（9）to.考查介词。句意：他们会立即打开信封，清点里面的钱，并把钱记在登记簿上客人名字旁边。固定搭配next to表示\"挨着，在...旁边\"符合句意，故填to.

are avoided.考查动词语态。（10）句意：避免使用硬币和支票，前者是因为零钱不值钱，后者是因为支票在亚洲没有广泛使用。分析句子可知，该空为谓语动词，结合句意，在讲述现在的情况，句子用一般现在时，主语Coins and checks与avoid之间是被动关系，且主语为复数形式，故填are avoided.

本文为说明文，主要讲中国人喜欢在中国新年和其他庆祝活动中使用红包的原因及注意事项。

本题主要考查比较级、名词、过去分词、表语从句、连词、冠词、副词、介词、动词语态等，需要学生在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识，填写出正确的单词形式。

37.【答案】Dear fellow students,

Currently, many of us suffer from poor eyesight due to excessive or improper use of eyes. So, I'm advocating protecting our eyes.（不良的用眼习惯）

Eyes are windows to the soul. Having good eyesight means we can not only see clearly but also well appreciate beautiful scenery. 【高分句型一】（爱护眼睛的意义）

Only when we form a good habit of protecting eyes, such as doing regular eye exercises or reading in right light, can we really enjoy our life.【高分句型二】（提出合理的建议） It's high time that we took it seriously. Don 't hesitate to take action!（发出倡议）

【解析】高分句型一

Having good eyesight means we can not only see clearly but also well appreciate beautiful scenery.

分析：句子里，动名词Having good eyesight作主语；宾语从句

we can not only see clearly but also well appreciate beautiful scenery省略了that. 翻译：有好的视力意味着我们不仅能看得清楚，而且能很好地欣赏美丽的风景。 高分句型二

Only when we form a good habit of protecting eyes, such as doing regular eye exercises or reading in right light, can we really enjoy our life.

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Only位于when引导的时间状语从句we form a good habit of protecting eyes分析：句子里，的句首，主句can we really enjoy our life用部分倒装。

翻译：只有养成良好的护眼习惯，如经常做眼保健操或在合适的光线下看书，才能真正享受生活。

这是一篇提纲作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

38.【答案】\"Are you crazy, lady？\" the homeless man resisted. \"Please give me a chance to

treat you to dinner. Isn't it nice to have a warm place to stay on such a cold day？\" said the woman. This time the homeless man did not refuse. He was indeed cold and hungry. When he came into the cafeteria, he sat down gracefully like a gentleman. Then he stood 【高分句型一】up again, bowed low to the lady to show his thanks, and quietly ate the food on his plate.（这位女士如何劝说流浪汉接受她的好意）

She stared at him carefully. \"Jack, do you remember me？\" The man looked up thoughtfully, he looked at the woman in front of him, but he didn't seem to remember anything, he smiled awkwardly and said, \"No.\" \"Do you remember that you saved a little girl from drowning？ You saved me and then you left in silence. I only knew your name from your badge. It's Jack. I didn't have a chance to thank you.\" The man seemed to remember something, \"Anyone can do that, and the best way you can thank someone is to continue that kindness, \" he said.【高分句型二】（这位女士告诉流浪汉她是谁以及流浪汉回忆起以前的事情）

【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位中年女士在路上偶遇一位衣衫褴褛的流浪汉并执意要请他吃饭的故事。 高分句型一

When he came into the cafeteria, he sat down gracefully like a gentleman. 翻译：当他走进自助餐厅时，他像个绅士一样优雅地坐了下来。 分析：由连接词when引导的时间状语从句。 高分句型二

Anyone can do that, the best way that you can thank someone is to continue that kindness.

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翻译：何人都可以这样做，你感谢别人的最好方式就是继续这样的好意。 分析：that引导的定语从句。 解题方法点拨

（1）品读原文。确定文章线索每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生\"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）\"。

（2）仔细审题。明确续写要求一般短文后面的\"注意\"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到\"心中有数\"。

（3）回扣原文。揣摩续写思路根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。

（4）拟写草稿。修改错词病句 在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。

（5）关键用词。标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整、清晰。

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