动词的分类
种类:实义动词，连系动词，助动词，情态动词。
一. 实义动词。
实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。按其句法可分为及物动词和不及物动词。按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1. 及物动词。
及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其完整。
1）动词+宾语 we like this book very much.
2)动词+宾语+宾补 we call the bird Polly We saw the children play in the park yesterday
注意，带省略to的不定式作宾补的动词，make let have see watch notice hear.
3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
Please pass me the book.
常见带双宾语的动词有：give bring buy get leave lend make offer
2. 不及物动词。
不及物动词自身意思完整，无需接宾语。如：
Horses run fasr. They work in a facory.
1） 有些动词既能够作及物动词又能够作不及物动词。如：
We study English. We study hard. Boys fly kites. I can fly
2)有些及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一路组成短语动词，它的作用等于一个及物动词，要注意积存。
1）动词+介词
Look at the blackboard. Listen to me carefully.
2)动词+副词
He turned off the light when he left He pick it up and give it to me
3)动词+副词+介词
Let’s go on with the work. He gets along well with his classmates.
4)动词+名词+介词
He takes pride in doing a job well . please pay attention to the phrarse in the article
5)Be+形容词+介词。
We are proud of being chineses.
3. 延续性动词和非延续性动词
延续性动词表示动作可持续，如：live stay study work keep teach
You can keep the book for 2 weeks
非延续性动词表示动作刹时，通常发生即终止。Buy lend borrow die begin stop finish arrive go come catch
他到那个地址已经五分钟了、__________________________________________
我借这本书已经10天了。________________________________________
二. 连系动词.（略）
三.助动词。
助动词本身无词义或意义不完整，不能单独用作谓语。它必需和别的动词连用，帮忙组成各类时态，语态，否定句和疑问句等结构。经常使用助动词有be have do
1. 助动词be(am is are was were)
1） 助动词be+此刻分词 组成进行时。
The students are having class. They asked me what I was doing all afternoon.
2)助动词 be+过去分词 表被动。
The baby was put in bed by his mother. The invitation was received yesterday
2. 助动词do(do does did)用于组成疑问句，倒装句，否定句，增强说话语气，和替代前面刚显现的动词等。（略）
3. 助动词have（have has did）+过去分词，用于完成时。
He has lived in Beijing since he was born
四.情态动词（略）
知识易混点
1. used to do sth 和 be used to doing sth的区别
我过去常常在超市买面包。___________________________
我已经适应了在冬季的早晨跑步。___________________________
2. arrive get reach 的区别
3.dress put on wear
Dress 给某人穿衣服。Dress sb up 打扮某人 put on 穿上(动作) wear（状态）
那个男孩常常打扮他的妹妹。____________________________________
她今天穿着一条红裙子。___________________________________
穿上雨衣，外面正在下雨。
3. see look watch read 的区别
我能够看见树上长的苹果。________________________________
快看，天空上有个风筝在飞。________________________________
4. bring take carry fetch
5. spend cost take pay
6. look for find
7. beat win
8. join take part in attend
9. think of think over think about
单项选择
1.____________ it is today!
A.What fine weather B.What a fine weather C.How fine a weather 2.Which is the way to the ___________
D.How a fine weather
A.shoes factory B.shoe factory C.shoe’s factory D.shoes’ factory
3.We will have a _________holiday after the exam.
A.two months B.two-months C.two-month’s D.two-month
4.There is no enough _______on the corner to put the table.
A.room B.place C.ground D.floor
5.You like playing football,and he likes running.______?
A.don’t you B.doesn’t he C.do you D.dose he.
6.Why not take______ umbrella with the sign “made in china”?It is _____useful umbrella.
-what _____ good advice it is!
A.an an a B.an a / C.a an a D./ an a
7.When shall we meet next week?
--_______ day is OK. It’s no problem with me.
A.either B neither C every D any
8.Robert has gone to _____ city,and he will be back in a week.
A.another B.other C.the other D.any other
9.-which book would you like to buy?
--_____of the two books is OK.
A.either B neither C. both D.all
10.There are many trees on _____ sides of the street.
A.either B both C.any D.all
11._______is the population of the city?
A.How many people B.How much people C.What D.How many
12.He hasn’t heard from his friend_____ last month
A.since B.by the end of C.for D.until
13.Ought I to go right now?---_________
A.That’s very bad B.Yes,you go ought to C Yes,you ought D.No,you ought not to
14.I don’t know when he ______.When he _____ here,I will call you in a minute.
A.will come; will arrive Bes; arrives C.will come; arrives D. comes; will arrive
15.They each ____a book. Each of them_____from china.
A.has;are B.have.is C.are having;are D.is having; is
完型填空
Nasreddin was a poor man, so he tried to grow __1__ he could in his own garden, so that he would not have to buy so many in the market。
One evening he heard a noise in his garden and looked out of the window. A white ox had got into the garden and __2__ his vegetables. Nasreddin at once took his stick, ran out and chased the ox, but he was too old to catch it. When he got back to his garden, he found that the ox had ruined most of his precious vegetables。
__3__, while he __4__ in the street near his house, he saw a cart with two white oxen which looked very much like the one that __5__ his vegetables. He was carrying his stick with him, __6__ he at once began to beat the two oxen with it. As neither of them looked more like the ox that had eaten his vegetables than the other, he beat both of them equally hard。
The owner of the ox and cart was drinking coffee in a __7__ coffee-house. When he saw __8__ Nasreddin was doing __9__ his animals, he ran out and shouted, “What are you doing? What have those poor animals done to you for you to beat them like that?”
“You keep out this!” Nasreddin shouted back, “This is a matter between me and one of these two oxen. He knows very well __10__ I am beating him!”
1. A. so many vegetables B. many vegetables
C. as many as vegetables D. as many vegetables as
2. A. was eating B. ate C. had eaten D. has eaten
3. A. Next day B. Next morning C. Last morning D. The next morning
4. A. walks B. waked C. was walking D. walking
5. A. ruined B. had eaten C. ate D. had ruin
6. A. so B. and C. but D. or
7. A. beside B. nearby C. near D. near by
8. A. that B. which C. why D. what
9. A. for B. to C. with D. on
10.A. reason B. when C. why D. because
阅读
We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere. They can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.
No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It’s true that male mosquito doesn’t bite(咬) and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes
what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn’t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember you are chosen. You’re different from the others!
If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch(痒) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itching begins, and she has flown away.
And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.
1. “Mosquito” means _______ in Chinese.
A. 苍蝇 B. 蜻蜓 C. 跳蚤 D. 蚊子
2. We know mosquitoes very well because ___________.
A. they can be found easily B. they fly here and there
C. there are many kinds of them D. they can fly
3. If the mosquito doesn’t bite you, it will ________.
A. get angry with you B. be afraid of you
C. make a lot of noise D. choose another one
4. The mosquito bites you _________.
A. when you’re asleep B. because you have choose it
C. too quickly to let you know D. but doesn’t like you
5. Which of the following sentences is wrong?
A. The itching begins after the mosquito bites you.
B. You feel terrible when the mosquito bites you.
C. Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs.
D. All the mosquitoes don’t like to bite people for blood.
Henry was an office worker in a big city. He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays.
He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. Good food. Fresh air. Horse riding. Walking. Fishing. Cheap and interesting.”
“This sounds a good idea,” he thought. “I’ll spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy horse riding, walking and fishing. They’ll make a change from sitting by the seaside and swimming.”
He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of July there. Then
on the first of July, he left for West Hill Farm.
But four days later, he returned home.
“What was wrong with West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed, asked him. “Didn’t you enjoy country life?”
“Country life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.”
“Oh. What?”
“Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.”
“What’s wrong with that?” Ed asked. “Fresh meat is the best.”
“I know, but on the second day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.”
“Lucky you!”
“You don’t understand,” Henry said. “on the third day a pig died and we had roast pork for dinner.”
“A different meat every day,” Ed said loudly, “and you are complaining!”
“Let me finish,” Henry said. “on the fourth day the farmer died, and I didn’t dare (敢)stay for dinner!”
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