A: CMMI-DEV 1.3
CMMI-DEV 1.3 - 22 Process Areas CMMI ML 2级 2级 2级 2级 2级 2级 2级 3级 3级 3级 3级 3级 3级 3级 3级 3级 3级 3级 4级 4级 5级 5级 Chinese 需求管理 项目规划 项目监控 供应商协议管理 度量分析 过程和产品质量保证 配置管理 需求开发 技术方案 产品集成 验证 确认 组织过程焦点 组织过程定义 组织培训 集成化项目管理 风险管理 决策分析与解决方案 组织过程绩效 量化项目管理 组织绩效管理 原因分析与解决方案 English Requirements Management Project Planning Project Monitoring and Control Supplier Agreement Management Measurement and Analysis Process and Product Quality Assurance Configuration Management Requirements Development Technical Solution Product Integration Verification Validation Organizational Process Focus Organizational Process Definition Organizational Training Integrated Project Management Risk Management Decision Analysis and Resolution Organizational Process Performance Quantitative Project Management REQM PP PMC SAM MA PPQA CM RD TS PI VER VAL OPF OPD OT IPM RSKM DAR OPP QPM OPM CAR Category 项目管理 项目管理 项目管理 项目管理 支持 支持 支持 工程 工程 工程 工程 工程 过程管理 过程管理 过程管理 项目管理 项目管理 支持 过程管理 项目管理 过程管理 支持 Organizational Performance Management Causal Analysis and Resolution
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B: CMM-DEV 1.3 Specific Goals特定目标（SG）Specific Practices 特定实践（SP）
CMMI 2级过程域：Requirement Management REQM 需求管理 SG1 Manage Requirements 管理需求 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 Understand Requirements 理解需求 Obtain Commitment to Requirements 获得需求承诺 Manage Requirements Changes 管理需求变更 Maintain Bidirectional Traceability of Requirements 维护需求的双向追溯性 Ensure Alignment Between Project Work and Requirements 确保项目工作和需求一致 CMMI 2级过程域：Project Planning PP 项目规划 SG1 SG2 SG3 Establish Estimates 项目估算 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 Estimate the Scope of the Project 估算项目范围 Establish Estimates of Work Product and Task Attributes 估算工作产品和工作任务属性 （规模） Define Project Lifecycle Phases 定义项目生命周期 Estimates of Effort and Cost 估算工作量与成本 Develop a Project Plan 制定项目计划 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4 SP 2.5 SP 2.6 SP 2.7 Establish the Budget and Schedule 建立预算和进度 Identify Project Risks 识别项目风险 Plan Data Management 计划数据管理 Plan the Project’s Resources 计划项目资源 Plan Needed Knowledge and Skills 计划所需的知识和技能 Plan Stakeholder Involvement 计划“项目干系人”的参与 Establish the Project Plan 制定项目计划 Obtain Commitment to the Plan 取得对计划的承诺 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3 Review Plans That Affect the Project 审查影响项目的各种计划 Reconcile Work and Resource Levels协调工作与资源配置 Obtain Plan Commitment 取得计划承诺 CMMI 2级过程域：Project Monitoring and Control PMC 项目监控 SG1 SG2 Monitor Project Against Plan 依计划监控项目 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6 SP 1.7 Monitor Project Planning Parameters 监控项目计划的参数 Monitor Commitments 监控承诺 Monitor Project Risks 监控项目风险 Monitor Data Management 监控数据管理 Monitor Stakeholder Involvement 监控干系人的参与 Conduct Progress Reviews 进行进展审查 Conduct Milestone Reviews 进行里程碑审查 Manage Corrective Action to Closure 管理纠正措施直到关闭 SP 2.1 Analyze Issues 分析问题 2
SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Take Corrective Action 采取纠正措施 Manage Corrective Action 管理纠正措施 CMMI 2级过程域： Supplier Agreement Management SAM 供应商协议管理 SG1 SG2 Establish Supplier Agreements 建立供应商协议 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 Determine Acquisition Type 决定采购方式 Select Suppliers 选择供应商 Establish Supplier Agreements 建立供应商协议 Satisfy Supplier Agreements 履行供应商协议 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Execute the Supplier Agreement 执行供应商协议 Accept the Acquired Product 验收采购的产品 Ensure Transition of Products 移交产品 CMMI 2级过程域： Measurement and Analysis MA 度量分析 SG1 SG2 Align Measurement and Analysis Activities 协调度量和分析活动 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 Establish Measurement Objectives 建立度量目标 Specify Measures 指定度量 Specify Data Collection and Storage Procedures 指定数据收集和存储规程 Specify Analysis Procedures 指定分析规程 Provide Measurement Results 提供度量结果 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4 Obtain Measurement Data 获得度量数据 Analyze Measurement Data 分析度量数据 Store Data and Results 存储数据和度量结果 Communicate Results 沟通结果 CMMI 2级过程域：Process and Product Quality Assurance PPQA 过程和产品质量保证 SG1 SG2 Objectively Evaluate Processes and Work Products 客观评价过程和工作成果 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 Objectively Evaluate Processes 客观评价过程 Objectively Evaluate Work Products 客观评价工作成果 Provide Objective Insight 提供客观的理解 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 Communicate and Resolve Noncompliance Issues 通报并解决不符合项问题 Establish Records 建立记录 CMMI 2级过程域： Configuration Management CM 配置管理 SG1 SG2 SG3 Establish Baselines 建立基线 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 Identify Configuration Items 识别配置项 Establish a Configuration Management System 建立配置管理系统 Create or Release Baselines 创建或发布基线 Track and Control Changes 跟踪并控制变更 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 Track Change Requests 跟踪变更请求 Control Configuration Items 控制变更 Establish Integrity 建立完整性 3
SP 3.1 SP 3.2 Establish Configuration Management Records 建立配置管理记录 Perform Configuration Audits 执行配置审计 CMMI 3级过程域： Requirement Development RD 需求开发 SG1 SG2 Develop Customer Requirements 开发客户需求 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 Elicit Needs 诱导需要 Transform Stakeholder Needs into Customer Requirements 把干系人的需求转换成客户需求 Develop Product Requirements 开发产品需求 SP 2.1 Establish Product and Product Component Requirements 建立产品与产品构件需求 SG3 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Allocate Product Component Requirements 分配产品构件需求 Identify Interface Requirements 界定接口需求 Analyze and Validate Requirements 分析并确认需求 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3 SP 3.4 SP 3.5 Establish Operational Concepts and Scenarios 建立操作概念和场景 Establish a Definition of Required Functionality and Quality Attributes 定义功能需求和质量属性 Analyze Requirements 分析需求 Analyze Requirements to Achieve Balance分析需求以取得平衡 Validate Requirements 确认需求 CMMI 3级过程域：Technical Solution TS 技术方案 SG1 SG2 SG3 Select Product Component Solutions 选择产品构件方案 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 Develop Alternative Solutions and Selection Criteria 开发候选方案和选择准则 Select Product Component Solutions 选择产品构件方案 Develop the Design 设计 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4 Design the Product or Product Component 设计产品或构件 Establish a Technical Data Package 建立技术数据包 Design Interfaces Using Criteria 使用准则设计接口 Perform Make, Buy, or Reuse Analyses 分析“制作、购买或重用” Implement the Product Design 实现产品设计 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 Implement the Design 实现构件的设计 Develop Product Support Documentation 建立产品支持文档 CMMI 3级过程域：Product Integration PI 产品集成 SG1 SG2 SG3 Prepare for Product Integration 准备产品集成 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 Establish an Integration Strategy 建立集成策略 Establish the Product Integration Environment 建立产品集成环境 Establish Product Integration Procedures and Criteria 建立产品集成规程和准则 Ensure Interface Compatibility 确保接口兼容 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 Review Interface Descriptions for Completeness 审查接口描述的完备性 Manage Interfaces 管理接口 Assemble Product Components and Deliver the Product 组装产品构件和交付产品 4
SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3 SP 3.4 Confirm Readiness of Product Components for Integration确认产品集成已准备就绪 Assemble Product Components 组装产品构件 Evaluate Assembled Product Components 核查组装的产品构件 Package and Deliver the Product or Product Component 打包并交付产品或构件 CMMI 3级过程域：Verification VER 验证 SG1 SG2 SG3 Prepare for Verification 准备验证 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 Select Work Products for Verification 选择需验证的工作产品 Establish the Verification Environment 建立验证环境 Establish Verification Procedures and Criteria 建立验证程序和准则 Perform Peer Reviews 执行同行评审 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Prepare for Peer Reviews 准备同行评审 Conduct Peer Reviews 进行同行评审 Analyze Peer Review Data 分析同行评审数据 Verify Selected Work Products 验证工作产品 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 Perform Verification 执行验证 Analyze Verification Results 分析验证结果 CMMI 3级过程域：Validation VAL 确认 SG1 SG2 Prepare for Validation 准备确认 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 Select Products for Validation 选择需确认的产品 Establish the Validation Environment 建立确认环境 Establish Validation Procedures and Criteria 建立确认程序和准则 Validate Product or Product Components 确认产品或构件 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 Perform Validation 执行确认 Analyze Validation Results 分析确认结果 CMMI 3级过程域：Organizational Process Focus OPF 组织过程焦点 SG1 SG2 SG3 Determine Process Improvement Opportunities 确定过程改进机会 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 Establish Organizational Process Needs 识别组织过程改进需要 Appraise the Organization’s Processes 评估组织过程 Identify the Organization's Process Improvements 识别组织的过程改进机会 Plan and Implement Process Actions 规划和实施过程活动 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 Establish Process Action Plans 制定过程行动计划 Implement Process Action Plans 实施过程行动计划 Deploy Organizational Process Assets and Incorporate Lessons Learned 推广和丰富组织过程财富 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3 SP 3.4 Deploy Organizational Process Assets 推广组织过程财富 Deploy Standard Processes 推广组织标准过程 Monitor the Implementation 监督实施 Incorporate Experiences into Organizational Process Assets 将过程改进经验纳入组织过程财富 5
CMMI 3级过程域：Organizational Process Definition OPD 组织过程定义 SG1 Establish Organizational Process Assets 创建组织过程财富 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6 SP 1.7 Establish Standard Processes 建立标准过程 Establish Lifecycle Model Descriptions 建立生命周期模型 Establish Tailoring Criteria and Guidelines 建立裁剪准则和指南 Establish the Organization’s Measurement Repository 建立组织度量库 Establish the Organization’s Process Asset Library 建立组织过程财富库 Establish Work Environment Standards 建立工作环境标准 Establish Rules and Guidelines for Teams 为团队建立条例和指导方针 CMMI 3级过程域：Organizational Training OT 组织培训 SG1 Establish an Organizational Training Capability 建立组织级培训能力 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 Establish the Strategic Training Needs 确定战略培训需求 Determine Which Training Needs Are the Responsibility of the Organization 确定由组织负责的培训需求 SG2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 Establish an Organizational Training Tactical Plan 建立组织培训计划 Establish Training Capability 建立培训能力 Provide Training 提供培训 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Deliver Training 实施培训 Establish Training Records 建立培训记录 Assess Training Effectiveness评价培训效果 CMMI 3级过程域：Integrated Project Management IPM 集成化项目管理 SG1 Use the Project’s Defined Process 使用项目已定义过程 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 Establish the Project’s Defined Process 建立项目的已定义过程 Use Organizational Process Assets for Planning Project Activities 利用组织过程资产规划项目活动 SG2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6 SP 1.7 Establish the Project's Work Environment 建立项目工作环境 Integrate Plans 集成计划 Manage the Project Using the Integrated Plans 使用集成计划管理项目 Establish Teams 建立团队 Contribute to Organizational Process Assets 贡献组织过程资产 Coordinate and Collaborate with Relevant Stakeholders 与相关干系人协调和合作 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Manage Stakeholder Involvement 管理干系人的参与 Manage Dependencies 管理相互依存关系 Resolve Coordination Issues 解决协调问题 CMMI 3级过程域：Risk Management RSKM 风险管理 SG1 Prepare for Risk Management 风险管理准备 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 Determine Risk Sources and Categories 确定风险来源和类别 Define Risk Parameters 定义风险参数 6
SG2 SG3 SP 1.3 Establish a Risk Management Strategy 建立风险管理策略 Identify and Analyze Risks 识别和分析风险 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 Identify Risks 识别风险 Evaluate, Categorize, and Prioritize Risks 风险评估、分类和确定优先级 Mitigate Risks 缓解风险 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 Develop Risk Mitigation Plans 制定风险缓解计划 Implement Risk Mitigation Plans 实施风险缓解计划 CMMI 3级过程域：Decision Analysis and Resolution DAR 决策分析与解决方案 SG1 Evaluate Alternatives 评价候选方案 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6 Establish Guidelines for Decision Analysis 建立决策分析指导原则 Establish Evaluation Criteria 建立评价准则 Identify Alternative Solutions 确定候选解决方案 Select Evaluation Methods 选择评价方法 Evaluate Alternative Solutions 评价候选解决方案 Select Solutions 选择解决方案 CMMI 4级过程域：Organizational Process Performance OPP 组织过程绩效 SG1 Establish Performance Baselines and Models 建立性能基线和模型 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 Establish Quality and Process Performance Objectives 建立质量和过程性能目标 Select Processes 选择过程 Establish Process Performance Measures 建立过程性能度量定义 Analyze Process Performance and Establish Process Performance Baselines 分析过程性能并建立过程性能基线 SP 1.5 Establish Process Performance Models 建立过程性能模型 CMMI 4级过程域： Quantitative Project Management QPM 定量项目管理 SG1 SG2 Prepare for Quantitative Management 准备量化管理 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 Establish the Project’s Objectives 建立项目目标 Compose the Defined Process 确定项目定义过程 Select Subprocesses and Attributes 选择子过程和属性 Select Measures and Analytic Techniques 选择度量和分析技术 Quantitatively Manage the Project 量化管理项目 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Monitor the Performance of Selected Subprocesses 监控已选择子过程性能 Manage Project Performance 管理项目性能 Perform Root Cause Analysis 执行根本原因分析 CMMI 5级过程域：Organizational Performance Management OPM 组织绩效管理 SG1 Manage Business Performance 管理商业绩效 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 Maintain Business Objectives 维护商业目标 Analyze Process Performance Data 分析过程性能数据 Identify Potential Areas for Improvement 识别潜在的可改进领域 7
SG2 SG3 Select Improvements 选择改进 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4 Elicit Suggested Improvements 获取已建议的改进 Analyze Suggested Improvements 分析已建议的改进 Validate Improvements 确认改进 Select and Implement Improvements for Deployment 选择和实施改进推广 Deploy Improvements 推广改进 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3 Plan the Deployment 计划推广 Manage the Deployment 管理推广 Evaluate Improvement Effects 评价推广效果 CMMI 5级过程域：Causal Analysis and Resolution CAR 原因分析与解决方案 SG1 SG2 Determine Causes of Selected Outcomes 确定选择结果的缺陷原因 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 Select Outcomes for Analysis 选择待分析的结果 Analyze Causes 分析原因 Address Causes of Selected Outcomes 解决选择结果的根源 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 Implement Action Proposals 实施行动建议 Evaluate the Effect of Implemented Actions 评价改进行动的效果 Record Causal Analysis Data 记录原因分析数据
CMMI-DEV 1.3 Generic Goals 通用目标（GG） and Generic Practices通用实践（GP） GG2 Institutionalize a Managed Process 使已管理的过程制度化 GP 2.1 Establish an Organizational Policy 建立组织政策 GP 2.2 Plan the Process 过程计划 GP 2.3 Provide Resources 提供资源 GP 2.4 Assign Responsibility 分配职责 GP 2.5 Train People 人员培训
GP 2.6 Control Work Products 控制工作产品
GP 2.7 Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholders 识别并纳入相关的利益相关者 GP 2.8 Monitor and Control the Process 监控过程 GP 2.9 Objectively Evaluate Adherence 客观的评价
GP 2.10 Review Status with Higher Level Management 与上层管理人员审核状态 GG3 Institutionalize a Defined Process 使已定义的过程制度化 GP 3.1 Establish a Defined Process 建立已定义过程
GP 3.2 Collect Process Related Experiences 收集过程相关经验
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