严东生的主要成就

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热心网友 时间：2023-07-17 22:59

50年代后期，严东生与其同事们的研究重点转向新材料的探索。其中，对高温氧化物陶瓷的研究，最有成效。如对制造过程中各种因素对氧化物陶瓷的显微结构与性能之间关系的阐明，为发展氧化物特种陶瓷的生产提供了科学基础。1960年严东生任中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所副所长，他结合本国稀土资源特别丰富的特点，指导了两个科研小组对稀土氧化物与其他高温氧化物体系进行了十几个系统的相平衡与结晶化学规律的基础研究，写成了“CaF2-La2O3系相平衡研究”、“三价稀土氧化物——氧化铍系统的研究”、“稀土氧化物——氧化钛系统的相平衡”等多篇论文，这些成果获1962年国家自然科学奖。
近10年来，严东生的主要研究方向着眼于新型无机复合材料和无机高温材料等新领域的研究，以改善无机材料的性能，尤其是提高无机材料抗热冲击和机械冲击的性能，发展在更高温度下使用的若干类新材料，为节约能源及新一代材料的应用提供新的材料基础。与此同时，在他的主持下，一个以中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所为依托的、面向全国的中国科学院高性能陶瓷和超微结构开放实验室于1988年正式成立了，严东生任室主任，重点开展先进陶瓷材料的探索和基础研究工作。
毕生致力于材料科学研究事业。他在高温材料制备科学与机理、氮化物与氧化物等系统的热力学与动力学研究、高性能材料设计与微观结构控制以及陶瓷基复合材料的研究等诸方面做出了开创性的工作，在高性能无机材料的基础研究和应用研究方面成就卓著，是中国无机材料科学的奠基人。他是精细陶瓷、纳米材料科学等国家重大研究项目的首席科学家，并与国外建立了广泛的研究合作关系，他领导研制生产的锗酸铋(BGO)大单晶被欧洲核子中心选用，其质量、数量与性能均居世界第一。 1黄振坤、林祖、严东生，Re2O3-TiO2系统的相平衡和晶体化学研究，Re2O3-TiO2(Re=La,Nd,Gd,Ho,Yb)系统的相平衡关系，硅酸盐学报，1979，7(1)：1～10。
2DSYan，Progress of Inorganic Materials Research:StructureProperty Relationships of Inorganic Materials Viewed from Different Microstructural Levels，Invited Lecture at the 1978 Annual Meeting of the Chinese Chemical Society,Proceedings of the Chinese Chemical Society,1980.
3DSYan，Fabrication of Some Ceramic Materials and Their Performance in Energy Conversion Simulation Systems，Proceedings of CIMTEC IV,Saint Vancent,Italy(1979),Published in 1980.
4DSYan，Studies on the Systems of Rare Earth SesquioxidesBeO，Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society,April 27～30，1980.
5DSYan，Structural Model of the Melt in the Systems of Rare Earth SesquioxidesBeO，Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society,April 27～30，1980.
6DSYan，Progress of Ceramic Research in the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics，Academia SinicaCeramics International,1981,7:111.
7DSYan，The Application of Thermal Conctivity and Thermal Diffusivity Measurements in the Study of Microstructure and Phase Transformation of Inorganic Materials，Presented at the 17th International Symposium on Thermal Conctivity,and Published in Its Proceedings,1981.
8DSYan，The Scientific and Technological Developments in Ancient Chinese Pottery and Porcelain，Presented at the International Conference on Ancient Chinese Pottery and Porcelain,1982(Appears in Its Proceedings).
9郭景坤、茅志琼、严东生等，碳纤维增强氮化硅复合材料，材料科学学报，1982，17(12)：3311～3316。
10DSYan，Introction to Modern Functional Materials，Science Press,1983.
11DSYan，Preparation of Some High Purity Ultrafine NonOxide Powders，Proceedings of CIMTECV,Ceramic Powder，Elsevier Scientific PubCo,1983，403.
12TGXi and DSYan,The Relationship of Thermal Conctivity Behavior of Hotpressed Silicon Nitride with Its Processing and Microstructure,TransJBritCeramSoc.,1983，82：175～177.
13DSYan，Phase Equilibrium in the Systems of Rare Earth SesquioxideBeryllium Oxide，JAmerCeramSoc.,1983,66:860.
14DSYan，Microstructure and Properties of PostSintered RBSN Containing YAG as Grain Boundary Phase，Presented at International Symposium on Ceramic Components for Engine,Hakone,Japan,Oct1983，17～21，(Appeared in the Proceedings),EdsSSomiya,et al,KTK ScienPublishers,1984，368.
15温树林、冯景伟、严东生，α-Si3N4结构缺陷的高分辨电子显微镜研究，材料通讯，1984，3(1，2)：15～16。
16DSYan，An Overview of Chinese Research on Processing,Microstructure and Properties of New Ceramic Materials，Proceedings of the lst Chinese US Seminar on Microstructure and Properties of Ceramic Materials，EdsTSYen and JAPaskScience Press,1984，1.
17DSYan，Sintering and Microstructural Features of Some Fine Silicon Nitride Powders by Different Preparatory Methods，Ibid,156.
18DSYan，Phase Equilibrium Studies in Si2N2O-Containing Systems:IPhase Relations in the Si2N2O-Al2O3-Y2O3 System，IntJHigh Technology Ceramics，1985,1:119.
19DSYan，Phase Equilibrium Studies in Si2N2O-Containing Systems:ⅡPhase Relations in the Si2N2O-Al2O3-La2O3 and Si2N2O-Al2O3-CaO Systems，Ibid,1986,2:115.
20DSYan,Transmission Electron Microscopic Observation of the Martensitic Phase Transformations in Tetragonal ZrO2,JAmCerSoc,1986，69：570～572.
21DSYan，Hotpressed Silicon Nitride Ceramics with High Fracture Toughness at Elevated Temperatures，Presented at Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Ceramic Materials and Components for Egines,Verlag Deutsche Keramische Gesellscharft,1986,729.
22DSYan，High Temperature Structural Ceramics Development for Engine in the Chinese Academy of Sciences，Ibid,209.
23DSYan，Overview of Structural Ceramics Research in the Chinese Academy of Sciences，Presented at Joint ChinaFrance Symposium on Materials Research,Shanghai,China，1986.
24DSYan，High Performance Nitride Materials Research in Chinese Academy of Sciences，MaterResBull,1987,22:1249.
25DSYan，Critical Review and Revision of SiAl-Y-O-N System and Compositional Design of Nitride Ceramics，Presented at USChina Symposium on Advanced Ceramic Materials,NBS,Gaitherburg,Maryland，1987.
26DSYan，Creep Behavior of Hotpressed Silicon Nitride Ceramics with Rare Oxides and Alumina Additives，Presented at the International Conference on Electronic Structure and Phase Stability in Advanced Ceramics,Argonne National Lab,1987.
27DSYan，Compositional Design of Nitride Ceramics for Advanced Performance，Invited Lecture,MRS International Meeting,Tokyo,May,1988.